6. What is Pangaea? Pangaea is that the earth continents that formed together as one…
The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural even that split up Europe. The protest against the church was not entirely new. In England there had been similar protests in the 14th century: although these had been crushed. Luther gained a lot of support for his ideas. Many people were unhappy with the Pope and the Church. The Reformation began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation started in the northern and central parts of Europe. This area was affected because it is further away from the Catholic religious capital, Vatican City. Reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged Catholic authority and questioned the Catholic Church's ability to define the Christian practice. A movement began in…
The rise of the papacy came at a time when the Roman Empire collapsed and there was chaos as it related to the bishops who held office in Rome and what religion would be at the forefront of the representation of the west or east of Rome since its demise. The term “papacy” (papatus), meant to distinguish the Roman bishop’s office from all bishoprics (episcopatus), and The Head of the Roman Catholic Church the pope is considered the successor of Peter and the vicar of Christ (Elwell, p. 888). The “pope” is a terms of endearment which means “father” and this was the title of the most important and influential bishops in the early church. The church at Rome nevertheless enjoyed and wanted to preserve the original apostolic faith and the prominence, and they as bishops also owned its apostolic “founders” and to its political setting, and this led to the inspiration of these bishops to exercise greater leadership in Rome and abroad (Elwell, p. 888). Most emperors and patriarchs of Constantinople, challenged the bishops and their beliefs by saying that the church in Rome is new and improved but that they are still believe in the old Roman church. The popes or bishops were not moved by their words and they knew that they were not living up to the apostolic ways of the founding fathers who came before them and that their primacy was derived from Peter and not from their political setting which in turn made their claim to fame to be truly based upon the “apostolic”(Elwell, p. 888). The Apostle Peter was sent to Rome by Jesus to build God’s Church. In Matthew 16:18, NLT, says 18 Now I say to you that you are Peter (which means ‘rock’),[a] and upon this rock I will build my church, and all the powers of hell[b]…
| -In the 1920’s, many people were investing.-As more and more people put money in the stock market, prices of shares kept rising.-On Tuesday, October 29, 1929, a day still remembered as Black Tuesday, stock prices plunged.-Stocks lost their value because many people wanted to sell their shares but every few people wanted to buy.-The stock market crash was a key cause of the Great Depression, but it was not the only cause.…
As compared to its experience in the early Middle Ages, Europe in the High Middle Ages was a. more decentralized. c. less militaristic. b. less isolated. d. more religiously diverse. Which is the best summary of the authors’ introductory overview of the late Middle Ages? a. Political and religious institutions grew steadily stronger throughout Europe. b. Populations grew, while cultural institutions faced severe challenges. c. Political conflicts killed as much as one third of the population. d. Populations and religion faced severe challenges, while culture blossomed. Religion and society were a. among the subjects that scholars re-examined in the Late Middle Ages. b. among the subjects that were considered taboo for scholars in the Late Middle Ages. c. among the subjects in which scholars of the Late Middle Ages built on medieval thinking. d. among the subjects that scholars virtually ignored in the Late Middle Ages. The Cluny reform movement sought to a. remove the clergy from royal authority. b. strengthen the powers of the Holy Roman Emperor. c. rejoin the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches. d. abolish monasticism and promote clerical marriage. The group that benefited the most from the Investiture Controversy was a. the German regional princes. b. the monks living in Dominican monasteries. c. the German kings of the Holy Roman Empire. d. the bishops living in non-German areas of Europe. One of the most important results of the Crusades was that a. permanent Christian kingdoms were established in the Near East. b. the Black Death spread from Europe to Asia. c. trade and cultural exchanges with Asia were encouraged. d. None of these answers are correct. The…
In the early 16th century the Protestant Reformation had happened and made the popularity of Catholicism to decline. In response to the Protestant Reformation the Catholic Reformation was issued to reestablish the power and popularity of Catholicism and the Roman Catholic church. The Catholic Reformation created new societies, while fixing problems of the Roman Catholic church. Through the Catholic Reformation…
Describe some of the effects of the Reformation and explain how monarchs increased their power during this time.…
In the early sixteenth century, Western Europe's religious face was dominated by the Roman Catholic faith. The Catholic Church was the sole athority power of day to day values, and before long, conflicting social and political issues began to shake the foundation of the corrupt Catholic Church. Moreover, Western Catholics began to realize the corrupt nature of the Church; as the selling of indulgences was challenged by Martin Luther's 95 Theses, the hierarchal nature of the Church was displayed via blatant acts of simony, and the concept was purgatory was outwardly questioned. Ultimately, as westerners caught wind of the aforementioned doings, an attempt to reform the Catholic Church began brewing: the Protestant Reformation. This Reformation ultimately led to several significant social and political consequences.…
Throughout history, religion has played an integral role in the formation of a modern society. It has not simply been the presence of religion in life that has inspired the development of a modern social order, but the reformation of religion throughout time that has changed the world. In the early sixteenth century, a storm was brewing, a storm that would forever change the world. This perfect storm was the protestant reformation. The protestant reformation was headed by catholic monk named Martin Luther; Luther began the reformation when he could no longer tolerate the corruption in the Roman Catholic church. The protestant reformation was caused by a variety of corruptions within the catholic church, and dissatisfactions outside the church related to the church’s habits, some of these included: economic corruption, the sale of indulgences, the power and authority of the pope, and the all around dissatisfaction with the practice of external worship.…
a government official who sold everything he owned in order to become a Benedictine monk. Who…
Luis Barragan states, “Architecture is an art when one consciously or unconsciously creates aesthetic emotion in the atmosphere and when this environment produces well-being.” This statement is more vividly conveyed through a cross-cultural analysis of two of the most well-known architectural structures of their era, Old Saint Peter’s Basilica, located in Rome, Italy, ca. 319, and Hagia Sophia, located in Constantinople, Turkey (Istanbul), 532-537. The architectural style of Old St. Peter’s and Hagia Sophia is characterized by Rome’s rich building traditions, philosophy of design, and form and function. For centuries, Old Saint Peter’s Basilica and Hagia Sophia have remained a genuine expression of Christianity and have both captured the essence…
The European Reformation was not a simple revolution, a protest movement with a single leader, a defined set of objectives, or a coherent organization. It was a series of parallel movements; within each of which various people with different perspectives for a crucial period in history combined forces to achieve the shared objectives.…
As the church’s power declined, the monarchs began to rise in power. The monarch’s rise in power encouraged and established absolutism, such as in England, Spain, and France. During this period, the Protestant Reformation and the Enlightenment were occurring. After the Crusades, Italian city-states such as Florence, Milan, Venice and Genoa, became wealthy merchants…
While continuously more Christians of Europe were beginning to lose their faith in the church’s leadership and were developing a feeling of doubt or mistrust, it was the Reformation and Martin Luther who came in and gave the people a sense of direction and feeling of hope. This new Protestant tradition at the time lifted this overwhelming cloud of misused power over the Christian community and provided a time for change with new opportunities. The Protestant reformation ended the religious unity of Europe and the church and furthermore started a new era in the history of western…
showed direct parallels to the religion. Thus, he engaged in a lot of study and encouraged his followers to pursue a higher standard of morality.…