Causes Of Chapter 23: The Early Industrial Revolution
CHAPTER 23 The Early Industrial Revolution, 1760–1851 I0.Causes of the Industrial Revolution
A0.Population Growth 10. In the eighteenth century more reliable food supplies, earlier marriage, high birthrates, and more widespread resistance to disease contributed to significant population growth in Europe. England and Wales experienced particularly rapid population growth.
20. Rapid population growth meant that children accounted for a relatively high proportion of the total population. Population growth also contributed to migration of people from the countryside to the cities, from Ireland to England, and from Europe to the Americas.
B0.The Agricultural Revolution
10. The agricultural revolution began long before the eighteenth …show more content…
Increased production and lower cost led people to use iron for numerous applications including bridge building and the construction of the Crystal Palace.
30. The idea of interchangeable parts originated in the eighteenth century, but it was widely adopted in the firearms, farm equipment, and sewing machine industries in the nineteenth century. The use of machinery to mass-produce consumer goods with identical parts was known as “the American system of manufactures.”
D0.The Steam Engine
10. The steam engine was the most revolutionary invention of the Industrial Revolution. Between 1702 and 1712 Thomas Newcomen developed a crude, inefficient steam engine that was used to pump water out of coal mines.
20. In 1769 James Watt improved the Newcomen engine and began to manufacture engines for sale to manufacturers. Watt’s engine provided a source of power that allowed factories to be located where animal, wind, and water power were lacking.
30. In the 1780s the steam engine was used to power riverboats in France and America. In the 1830s the development of more efficient engines made it possible to build ocean- going steamships.
E0.
A0.Population Growth 10. In the eighteenth century more reliable food supplies, earlier marriage, high birthrates, and more widespread resistance to disease contributed to significant population growth in Europe. England and Wales experienced particularly rapid population growth.
20. Rapid population growth meant that children accounted for a relatively high proportion of the total population. Population growth also contributed to migration of people from the countryside to the cities, from Ireland to England, and from Europe to the Americas.
B0.The Agricultural Revolution
10. The agricultural revolution began long before the eighteenth …show more content…
Increased production and lower cost led people to use iron for numerous applications including bridge building and the construction of the Crystal Palace.
30. The idea of interchangeable parts originated in the eighteenth century, but it was widely adopted in the firearms, farm equipment, and sewing machine industries in the nineteenth century. The use of machinery to mass-produce consumer goods with identical parts was known as “the American system of manufactures.”
D0.The Steam Engine
10. The steam engine was the most revolutionary invention of the Industrial Revolution. Between 1702 and 1712 Thomas Newcomen developed a crude, inefficient steam engine that was used to pump water out of coal mines.
20. In 1769 James Watt improved the Newcomen engine and began to manufacture engines for sale to manufacturers. Watt’s engine provided a source of power that allowed factories to be located where animal, wind, and water power were lacking.
30. In the 1780s the steam engine was used to power riverboats in France and America. In the 1830s the development of more efficient engines made it possible to build ocean- going steamships.
E0.