Purpose/Problem: There are four parts to the Enzyme Catalyst lab - Activity A, B, C, and D. In activity A, the characteristics of enzyme actions will be observed. The main purposes are to determine the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, to study the characteristics of an enzyme mediated reaction, and to observe the effect of heat on enzyme activity. The purpose of activity B is to use the Titration Protocol to determine the initial amount of H2O2 present in a solution. The amount will be the baseline for activities C and D. The purpose of activity C is to determine the rate at which H2O2 spontaneously decomposes when exposed to room temperatures and ambient light for 24 hours. The purpose of activity D is to determine the rate at which catalase decomposes H2O2. After adding H2SO4 for different time lashes, etc., the resulting data will be graphed at which the catalase decomposed by catalase.…
Enzymes are biological catalysts or assistants that consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reaction required for a specific action or nutrient. They can either launch a reaction or speed it up. Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen. It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). The catalase used in this experiment will come from five different sources: Spinacia oleracea (Spinach), Brassica oleracea (Broccoli), Solanum tuberosum (Russet Potato), Malus domestica (Apple), and Allium cepa (Onion). The five different catalases from the sources will all be used to catalyze Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). When hydrogen…
To investigate the effect of change on the substrate concentration on the activity of an enzyme(catalase).…
If you’ve ever left a cut up apple out for long, you’ll notice that after a while, it will turn brown. The reason for this is an enzyme named catechol oxidase, a ubiquitous plant enzymes containing a dinuclear copper center (Klabunde, Eicken, Sacchettini, & Krebs, 1998). In this experiment, we used two different chelators, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and phenylthiourea to test which would stop the effects of catechol oxidase on potato cells by testing the change in absorbency over time. Our data supported our hypothesis that EDTA would have a greater change in absorbency over time than PTU.…
Have you ever wondered why the inside of your apple turns brown if you leave it on the counter after taking a bite? This is because there is a compound within the apple called catechol which, when exposed to the air, becomes oxidized by the oxygen in the air and produces benzoquinone, which makes the apple appear brown (Andrew Clapper’s Online Journal, 2007). This chemical reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme catechol oxidase (Figure A.1). Enzymes are proteins in cells that speed up chemical reactions (Enzyme Procedure Guide, 2013). The catechol oxidase lowers the amount of energy needed in order for the catechol to be oxidized, which speeds the process up.…
We found a study about the effects of glycosylation and pH conditions in the dynamics of human arylsuffatase A. They concluded that lowering pH and increasing glycosylation reduced the flexibility of the enzyme. Also, at acidic pH levels the glycosylated enzyme had a higher conformational stability. This study was similar to ours in that it investigated how pH conditions affect enzyme functionality. They found optimal pH conditions for the enzyme like we did, but they took into account another variable that is that influenced functionality…
To further catalase activity studies, one can compare and contrast other plant species to the potato or keep the potato and change other variables such as the buffer used and/or temperature which has been done by others in the laboratory. Another experiment could be to pinpoint the location of catalase enzymes in an orange fruit.…
For all four experiments, the dependent variable was the rate of the of the enzyme-catalyzed…
The first lab's primary objective is to observe the different reactions rates amongst the five different catalse concentrations of parsnip. The rate at which the enzyme catalyzes increases in relation to the increase of concentration within the test tubes. By increasing the concentration per total volume, the reaction ultimately increases the amount of contents reacting per second while decreasing the overall activation energy. The procedure involves soaking filter papers in the catalase solution and time the reaction as it makes contact with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 (aq).…
1) The purpose of this lab was to determine the rate of enzyme activity under variety of different conditions, such as, different amount of drops of enzymes and different temperature of water. The class measured the pressure in the test tube during the reaction of the substance with, 1.5 ml of H2O2, 1.5ml of H2O and different amounts of enzyme drops, to determine how much oxygen gas is produced during the reaction since the pressure of the test tube will get higher as more oxygen gas is accumulated during the reaction.…
Enzymes are created from proteins and catalyze reactions. “Catechol oxidase if found widely in both plants and animals [that] catalyzes the oxidation of catechol to ortho-quinone and water” (Schultz 6). For this experiment, each group utilized a spectrophotometer which measures the absorbance of the mixture. The outcomes of part one displayed that our average reaction rate with the substrate was 0.070739091, while our average reaction rate without the substrate was 0.008745455. The results of part two revealed that our average absorbance at the different enzyme concentration on reaction rate for the full-strength serial dilution was 0.0795, the ½ concentration was 0.0666667, the ¼ concentration was 0.0616667, and the 1/8 concentration was 0.045.…
The purpose of this lab was to test if ethanol affects the reaction involving hydrogen peroxide and catalase. Tests were performed by putting chicken liver, ethanol solution (diluted ethanol solution for other trials) and hydrogen peroxide in a test tube with a side arm, and having a rubber tube lead the oxygen gas into a gas collection tube. Results from the tests showed a negative correlation, this means that the more diluted the solution of 95% ethanol was, the less oxygen gas collected. Controlling a number of factors which include human error, temperature change, pH levels, substrate concentrations and ensuring a controlled experimental environment will work to increase the accuracy of the experiment.…
In this laboratory exercise we studied enzyme catalase, which accelerates the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The purpose was to isolate catalase and measure the rate of activity under different conditions. The laboratory was also conducted in association with a second laboratory that measured the effects of an inhibitor on the enzymes. Changes in temperature and pH along with Substrate Concentration and Enzyme Concentration were the conditions tested in the experiment.…
This investigation examined what would happen to the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction if the concentration of substrate changed. We hypothesized that if the concentration increased, then the reaction rate would also increase. To test our question, we varied a combination of substrate and buffer, totaling 6mL, with a constant amount of 2 drops of catalyst. The enzyme catalyst, peroxidase, increased the rate of the reaction. The results of our experiment can be found by comparing the reaction rates for each trial. These rates are actually the slopes of the lines that were graphed during each reaction. The trend of data…
Introduction: This lab tested how enzymes are able to affect the rate of chemical reactions and how the rate of which an enzyme works in different conditions. The conditions the enzymes were tested in included…