Bushfires Research Papers

Bushfires or wildfires have a high incidence in many regions of the world but is of distinct significance in Australia because the country’s high variant dry and arid landscape support the perfect environment for developing and sustaining these fires. Even though bushfires are part of natural dynamics in Australian environment, it is primary that learn from earlier wildfire emergencies to prepare and respond securely sooner or later with unexpected events. It has to be accredited by the communities that bushfires regularly cannot be put out, despite assets and the great intentions of fire management services however persons dwelling in rural areas with a bigger threat of bushfire occurrence must be have better to minimise the risk. According
They constitute the so-called fire triangle (Barrowman, 1951). If a single element ends, the triangle breaks and the fire goes out. We are interested here in three other elements influencing the spread rate of a wildland fire and acting as input variables in wildfire prediction models: fuel characteristics, topography, and weather (Countryman, 1972). Large bushfires have burnt across the ACT in the summer almost every decade since the establishment of the ACT in 1911. (Bushfire planning of ACT-Nicola Main-ACT RFS) Of these, 2003 Canberra bushfires are one of the catastrophic bushfire disasters in the Australian Capital Territory and the region resulting in significant loss of life and property. Within the aftermath of the 2003 bushfires, ACT was closely criticised over the fact that it didn't have adequate resources at hand to control the fires, or systems in position to receive these services. Previous inquiries recommended that the ACT Emergency Services should coordinate the development of emergency management mapping products for the bushfire management team and other services. Additionally, they recommended that an appropriate geographic information systems capability be maintained to enable the production of fire-specific maps as the need arises. (Review of fire management act bushfire council, December
In recent years, remote sensing techniques have been applied to estimate fuel models (Pyne et al., 1996)(Bååth et al., 2002) developed an approach to obtain practical information about recent and future forest fuel potentials. LiDAR systems have been used to estimate critical parameters for fire behavior and may, potentially, be used to compute and distinguish a range of fuel attributes including understory fuel height (Means et al., 2000, Mutlu et al., 2008a). LiDAR is a proven active remote sensing technology used to measure distances with high accuracy of 0.5-2 m in all directions(Wagner et al., 2008). This technology provides horizontal and vertical information at high spatial resolution and vertical accuracies, offering opportunities for enhanced forest monitoring, management and planning (Dubayah and Drake, 2000, Andersen et al., 2005). Over the last decade, LiDAR has been increasingly used by researchers to map forests and the structures. LiDAR has been used successfully to capture forest structure, to map individual trees in forests and critical wildlife habitat characteristics, to predict forest volume and biomass, to develop inputs for forest fire behavior modeling and to map forest topography and infrastructure. LiDAR derived data provide accurate estimates of surface fuel parameters efficiently and accurately over extensive areas of