Bt0092 - Software Project Management
Spring 2012
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BScIT) – Semester 1
BT0092 – Software Project Management – 4 Credits (Book ID:)
Assignment Set – 1 (60 Marks)
Answer all questions 10 x 6 = 60
1. Explain the IT and its organizational structures in detail?
Ans:
Traditional organizations are hierarchical, flat or matrix in design. (Fig. 1.1)
• In hierarchical organizations, middle managers tell subordinates what to do and tell superiors the outcomes. IS supports this hierarchy.
• In flat structured organizations, work is more flexible and employee do whatever is needed. It allows offloading extra work and supports intra-firm communications.
• In matrix organizations, work is organized into small work groups and integrated regionally and nationally/globally. It reduces operating complexes and expenses by allowing information to be easily shared among different managerial functions.
[pic]
Fig. 1.1: Types of Organizational Structures
1.4.1 Hierarchical Organizational Structure
The key features of Hierarchical Organization Structure are given below:
• It is based on the concepts of division of labor, specialization, and unity of command.
• Key decisions are made at the top and filter down through the organization.
• Middle managers do the primary information processing and communication function.
• It is typically used to store and communicate information along the lines of the hierarchy and to support the info management function of the managers.
1.4.2 Flat Organizational Structure
Following are the key features of Flat Organizational Structure:
• Decision-making is centralized.
• As everyone does whatever needs to be done, they can respond quickly to dynamic, uncertain environments
• However, this organizational structure often becomes less flexible as the organization grows.
• Routine work is often off-loaded but, as a hierarchy develops, becomes the „glue‟ tying parts of the organization that would not otherwise communicate.
1.4.3 Matrix
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BScIT) – Semester 1
BT0092 – Software Project Management – 4 Credits (Book ID:)
Assignment Set – 1 (60 Marks)
Answer all questions 10 x 6 = 60
1. Explain the IT and its organizational structures in detail?
Ans:
Traditional organizations are hierarchical, flat or matrix in design. (Fig. 1.1)
• In hierarchical organizations, middle managers tell subordinates what to do and tell superiors the outcomes. IS supports this hierarchy.
• In flat structured organizations, work is more flexible and employee do whatever is needed. It allows offloading extra work and supports intra-firm communications.
• In matrix organizations, work is organized into small work groups and integrated regionally and nationally/globally. It reduces operating complexes and expenses by allowing information to be easily shared among different managerial functions.
[pic]
Fig. 1.1: Types of Organizational Structures
1.4.1 Hierarchical Organizational Structure
The key features of Hierarchical Organization Structure are given below:
• It is based on the concepts of division of labor, specialization, and unity of command.
• Key decisions are made at the top and filter down through the organization.
• Middle managers do the primary information processing and communication function.
• It is typically used to store and communicate information along the lines of the hierarchy and to support the info management function of the managers.
1.4.2 Flat Organizational Structure
Following are the key features of Flat Organizational Structure:
• Decision-making is centralized.
• As everyone does whatever needs to be done, they can respond quickly to dynamic, uncertain environments
• However, this organizational structure often becomes less flexible as the organization grows.
• Routine work is often off-loaded but, as a hierarchy develops, becomes the „glue‟ tying parts of the organization that would not otherwise communicate.
1.4.3 Matrix