1. A nurse is given a subcutaneous injection to a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse disposes of the used needle and syringe by:…
The process of human development starts as early as the embryotic stage and continues to progresses throughout life. These changes have been examined by leading theorist in the Psychology field who were looking to establish guiding principles and concepts. There have been a number of developmental theories that seek to explain the questions that we have related to human development. I will examine these theories, as well as, provide backgrounds for the most influential theorist for each. I will also examine the life span perspective and how heredity and the environment influence the human development.…
The study and research of human development has always been intriguing, yet intensive. There are five perspectives commonly discussed in human development. The perspectives include: psychoanalytic, learning, cognitive, contextual, and evolutionary/sociobiological. Those who follow the contextual perspective tend to believe that development can be better understood in its social context. Additionally, they observe the individual as an inseparable component of the environment. Psychologist Urie Bronfenbrenner is responsible for producing one of the most well-known and essential contextual theories. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory views development within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment…
Developmental psychology, as a discipline, is currently undergoing a paradigmatic/world view change. Consequently, several different theoretical approaches to the study of development and the life course have been proposed and advocated. The three primary approaches currently being debated include the structural, information processing/cognitive, and life-span developmental/developmental dimensions approaches. The purpose of this paper is to examine the differences and similarities between these three broad approaches. However, this exposition would be incomplete without a discussion of the concept of world views (Kuhn, 1970; Pepper, 1942). An individual's theoretical position is affected by their world views. This world view not only affects how an individual conceptualizes a particular field of study but also influences the questions they ask within that field of study. Therefore, this paper will also include a discussion of the three major world views influencing developmental psychology: the organismic, mechanistic,, and contextual world views (Pepper, 1942).…
a. Developmental issues in the study of lifespan development (nature/nurture, stability/change, and continuity/discontinuity) and their application to developmental theories.…
à Biopsychosocial perspective - "a view of development as a complex interaction of biological, psychosocial, and social processes"…
For a country to evolve into a developed nation from its very earliest stages can take many years. Many changes can happen to an evolving country in a small amount of time and those changes are put into action by true leaders. Some people can be credited with the development of Canada more than others but one who stands out is John George Diefenbaker. He was arguably the most influential person in Canadian history and played a crucial role in the development of Canada. Diefenbaker created bills which are still used today, addressed national issues and created a health care system known worldwide. He was truly a humble man that cared greatly about Canada and all of its people within it.…
In this paper, readers will learn about the life span perspective and some areas of human development. To begin, some readers are wondering, “What is the life span perspective?” According to Boyd & Bee (2009, p.4), the life span perspective is the current view of developmentalists regarding important changes throughout the entire human…
-Environment and child development is entwined. Bronfenbrenner’s theory is that child development is a system that is interlink and multifaceted.…
• Describe psychoanalytic, cognitive, behavioral and social learning, and ecological theories as applied to lifespan development.…
Four major theories of human development are described, compared, and evaluated in Chapter 1. These are the psychoanalytic theories of Freud and Erikson; the behaviorism of Watson and Skinner and the social learning theory of Bandura; Piaget’s cognitive theory; and systems theories, including Bronfenbrenner’s ecological-systems approach and the dynamic-systems theory. Although each theory is too restricted to account solely for the tremendous diversity in human development, each has made an important contribution to developmental psychology.…
The science of human development is the quest to understand how and why people stay the same and why they change over their entire life time (Berger). The life span development perspective is lifelong and includes multi-dimensional, multi-directional, plastic, multi-disciplinary, and contextual (Santrock). Lifelong means development continues from conception to death. Multi-dimensional pertains to the three key domains of development which are biosocial, cognitive and psychosocial (Berger). These three domains cover the study of the mind, body and spirit. Multi-directional focuses on why and how development may decrease in one or more domains while decreasing in another over time and vice versa. Another characteristic of development is plasticity which focuses on the idea that our personality and identity can be formed over a period of time like a piece of plastic can be molded over a period of time which can be changed as plastic does show durability but can always be remolded. Plasticity gives one the sense of realism and hope. The realism is who someone is or has become based on many different factors. The hope is that one can always change and correct choices that have…
Urie Bronfenbrenner perspective on lifespan development was the bio-ecological approach which suggest that five levels if the environment simultaneously influence indviduals. He tagged different aspects or levels of environment that influences a child’s development. Urie Bronfenbrenner five major systems are called microsystem; which is everyday immediate environment in which children lead their daily lives. Second is the mesosystem; which provides connections between the various aspects of the microsystem. Third is the exosystem; It represents broader influences, encompassing societal institutions such as local government, the community, schools, churches, and the local media. Fourth is the macrosystem; and it represents the larger cultural influences on a individual. Lastly, there’s the chonosystem and it underlies each of the previous systems. These systems are the bio-ecological approach to the development that focus on the large differences in environments in which children develop. Bronfenbrenner wanted to focus on the process of development rather than concentrate on isolated variables. Most developmentalist focus on nature and nurture in the development of children. Bronfenbrenner’s theory is based on a child’s state of affairs and circumstances.…
There are many theories of child development largely because many different people have studied the field for many years. Each theory has their different factors; biology, sociology, genetics, environment, and relationships are just a few of them. “Thank you for making me so wonderfully complex! Your workmanship is marvelous -- and how well I know it. ”! (Psalms 139:14). One might ask the question: "If theories are so useful, why do we need so many?" Having a multitude of theories allow us to see how children develop from a variety of different vantage points. This paper will illustrate the following (1) how I view the course of child development as continuous (2) how my own personal child development theory would be a blend between Piaget’s Cognitive-Developmental theory and Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory (3) how I feel environmental and cultural influences play a large role in a child’s development and (4) how I would incorporate my theories into the classroom.…
This paper serves to apply the knowledge learned throughout the course, COUN 502, to the development and growth in my lifespan. I will aim to demonstrate a working knowledge of the theories, terminology, and concepts of human growth and development. I will show how these disciplines apply to my own life experiences and how I did throughout my key life events, through the use of empirical studies.…