British Administrative System in Malaya
Between 18th and 20th Centuries, a set of states on Malay Peninsula and Singapore was named as British Malaya which was British’s territories.
During occupation of British in British Malaya, British government placed all the states under 3 different administrative system, which is Straits Settlement, the Federated Malay States and Un-federated Malay States.
Strait Settlement been founded in 1826 when after British secured Singapore from Dutch through a treaty called “Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824”. British unified Singapore, Penang and Melaka under this administrative and Penang became the First administrative centre, however, it been moved to Singapore in 1832.
This Strait Settlement headed by the Governor and every state headed by a Resident Consular. From formation of Strait Statement till 1867, position Governor was appointed by British East India Company. On 1 April 1867, the administration of Strait Settlement was officially put under the control of the Colonial Office in London. State council and legislators been set up to assist the Governor.
In 1 July 1896, British formed the Federal Malay States (FMS) to unite Perak, Selangor, Pahang and Negeri Sembilan. Federal Malay State headed by a Resident General and report to FMS Governor whereas the FMS Governor report to British High Commission. The four Residents are remained and direct report to Residents Governor. The first Resident General was Frank Swettenham.
FMS split administrative power to Federal Administration and State Administration. British responsible for Federal Administrative such like foreign affair and defence, whereas States responsible for their domestic policies with advise from Resident General.
There have few factor to cause the foundation of FMS. First, the opposition of local leader at Pahang. To deal with this resistance, British need financial assistant from richer state like Perak and Selangor for military weapon and food supplies. With this unification, a regular guideline
During occupation of British in British Malaya, British government placed all the states under 3 different administrative system, which is Straits Settlement, the Federated Malay States and Un-federated Malay States.
Strait Settlement been founded in 1826 when after British secured Singapore from Dutch through a treaty called “Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824”. British unified Singapore, Penang and Melaka under this administrative and Penang became the First administrative centre, however, it been moved to Singapore in 1832.
This Strait Settlement headed by the Governor and every state headed by a Resident Consular. From formation of Strait Statement till 1867, position Governor was appointed by British East India Company. On 1 April 1867, the administration of Strait Settlement was officially put under the control of the Colonial Office in London. State council and legislators been set up to assist the Governor.
In 1 July 1896, British formed the Federal Malay States (FMS) to unite Perak, Selangor, Pahang and Negeri Sembilan. Federal Malay State headed by a Resident General and report to FMS Governor whereas the FMS Governor report to British High Commission. The four Residents are remained and direct report to Residents Governor. The first Resident General was Frank Swettenham.
FMS split administrative power to Federal Administration and State Administration. British responsible for Federal Administrative such like foreign affair and defence, whereas States responsible for their domestic policies with advise from Resident General.
There have few factor to cause the foundation of FMS. First, the opposition of local leader at Pahang. To deal with this resistance, British need financial assistant from richer state like Perak and Selangor for military weapon and food supplies. With this unification, a regular guideline