Brismuth
BISMUTH
Symbol: BI
Atomic Number: 83 Weight: 9.80 g.cm-3
. The largest deposits of bismuth are found in Bolivia, although bismuth is usually obtained as a extra result of mining and refining lead, copper, tin, silver and gold. Kalgoorlie mine which is located in Kalgoorlie, Australia, which mines for Bismuthas a side business.
. Bismuth is removed and separated from ores known as Bismuthinite and Bismite. It is also collected as a by-product from other metal ore processing.
. The separation of bismuth metal from lead has two processes, the Betterton-Kroll Process or the Betts Process.
1.The Betterton-Kroll Process separates bismuth from lead through the introduction of calcium or magnesiuminto a molten solution of the lead and bismuth. The resulting calcium or magnesium bismuthide, being lighter than molten lead rises to the surface as dross (solid impurities) and can then be removed. The dross is then treated with chlorine at temperatures of around 572-932°F (380-500°C) to remove the magnesium or calcium. High purity bismuth is produced after treatment using sodium hydroxide.
2.The Betts Process involves electrolytic refining of lead bullion. In a catalytic solution, pure metallic lead plates onto the anode, while unwanted material, including bismuth, sinks to the bottom of the vessel. The muddy mix of metals can be melted to produce a metal alloy and a bismuth-rich slag, which is then reduced with carbon to produce bismuth metal.
. Bismuth is used in medicine (bismuth subnitrate and subcarbonate), makeups (bismuth oxychloride), fire detection/extinguishing systems since it has a low melting point and also is a replacement for lead in shot and bullets (bismuth-tin alloy) since it has similar properties to tin and lead.
. Bismuth is a solid like most metals in room temperature; it has a high Malleability and a high-density (9.78 g·cm−3) rate. Except from Mercury, Bismuth has lowest thermal conductivity of all metals!
Bibliography:
Symbol: BI
Atomic Number: 83 Weight: 9.80 g.cm-3
. The largest deposits of bismuth are found in Bolivia, although bismuth is usually obtained as a extra result of mining and refining lead, copper, tin, silver and gold. Kalgoorlie mine which is located in Kalgoorlie, Australia, which mines for Bismuthas a side business.
. Bismuth is removed and separated from ores known as Bismuthinite and Bismite. It is also collected as a by-product from other metal ore processing.
. The separation of bismuth metal from lead has two processes, the Betterton-Kroll Process or the Betts Process.
1.The Betterton-Kroll Process separates bismuth from lead through the introduction of calcium or magnesiuminto a molten solution of the lead and bismuth. The resulting calcium or magnesium bismuthide, being lighter than molten lead rises to the surface as dross (solid impurities) and can then be removed. The dross is then treated with chlorine at temperatures of around 572-932°F (380-500°C) to remove the magnesium or calcium. High purity bismuth is produced after treatment using sodium hydroxide.
2.The Betts Process involves electrolytic refining of lead bullion. In a catalytic solution, pure metallic lead plates onto the anode, while unwanted material, including bismuth, sinks to the bottom of the vessel. The muddy mix of metals can be melted to produce a metal alloy and a bismuth-rich slag, which is then reduced with carbon to produce bismuth metal.
. Bismuth is used in medicine (bismuth subnitrate and subcarbonate), makeups (bismuth oxychloride), fire detection/extinguishing systems since it has a low melting point and also is a replacement for lead in shot and bullets (bismuth-tin alloy) since it has similar properties to tin and lead.
. Bismuth is a solid like most metals in room temperature; it has a high Malleability and a high-density (9.78 g·cm−3) rate. Except from Mercury, Bismuth has lowest thermal conductivity of all metals!
Bibliography:
Bibliography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_subsalicylate 19/may/2013 http://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/bi.htm 19/may/2013 http://www.sciencefairadventure.com/Bismuth.aspx 26/may/2013 http://metals.about.com/od/properties/a/Metal-Profile-Bismuth.htm 26/may/2013 http://www.chemicool.com/elements/bismuth.html 26/may/2013 http://chemistry.about.com/od/elementgroups/a/metals.htm 26/may/201