Breast Cancer Research Paper
Breast Cancer Screening Techniques in High Risk Women
Teresa Roberts-Coiner
Boise State University
CHAPTER II
Review of Literature
Introduction
The following is a summary of the published literature that examines the scope of screening for breast cancer in high risk women as well as genetic and enviornmental risk factors that contribute to breast cancer. Women, who carry a mutation of the breast cancer gene, known to healthcare providers as BRCA1 and BRCA2, have a 55-87% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer (Ozanne, et al., 2006). A review of the multiple modalities used to detect tumors early before the cancer has metastasized, the efficacy of modalities in diagnosing breast cancer and a brief history of how these modalities …show more content…
In their study data was collected on age-incidence relationships and familial risk for breast cancer in various European countries with regard to the coverage of organized mammogram services. The data was used to span the periods of implementation of the nation-wide mammographic screening programs. The study also examined the familial grouping of breast cancer between sisters. The results indicated an assumption could be made that sisters of a newly diagnosed sister would actively seek screening and other medical advice and affect the bias of the study (Hemminki, et al., …show more content…
Researchers are trying to identify the causes of breast cancer. Scientists are investigating how hormonal, dietary, and environmental factors might contribute to the development of breast cancer (NHI, 2010). An excellent way to obtain information about a particular group of people is with survey research; therefore, surveys are frequently used in our society (Cottrell & McKenzie, 2011). A Questionnaire design begins with an understanding of the capabilities of the questionnaire and how it will help your research (Questionairre Design, 2011). Questionnaires are versatile, allowing the collection of both subjective and objective data through the use of open or closed format questions to fit the medium (The Survey System, 2011). Telephone interviews enable a researcher to gather information rapidly (Research Methods Knowledge Base, 2011). Like personal interviews, they allow for some personal contact between the interviewer and the respondent. And, they allow the interviewer to ask follow-up questions. With a busy clinical practice the interviewer would need to be cognizant of time when speaking with healthcare providers and/or their
Teresa Roberts-Coiner
Boise State University
CHAPTER II
Review of Literature
Introduction
The following is a summary of the published literature that examines the scope of screening for breast cancer in high risk women as well as genetic and enviornmental risk factors that contribute to breast cancer. Women, who carry a mutation of the breast cancer gene, known to healthcare providers as BRCA1 and BRCA2, have a 55-87% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer (Ozanne, et al., 2006). A review of the multiple modalities used to detect tumors early before the cancer has metastasized, the efficacy of modalities in diagnosing breast cancer and a brief history of how these modalities …show more content…
In their study data was collected on age-incidence relationships and familial risk for breast cancer in various European countries with regard to the coverage of organized mammogram services. The data was used to span the periods of implementation of the nation-wide mammographic screening programs. The study also examined the familial grouping of breast cancer between sisters. The results indicated an assumption could be made that sisters of a newly diagnosed sister would actively seek screening and other medical advice and affect the bias of the study (Hemminki, et al., …show more content…
Researchers are trying to identify the causes of breast cancer. Scientists are investigating how hormonal, dietary, and environmental factors might contribute to the development of breast cancer (NHI, 2010). An excellent way to obtain information about a particular group of people is with survey research; therefore, surveys are frequently used in our society (Cottrell & McKenzie, 2011). A Questionnaire design begins with an understanding of the capabilities of the questionnaire and how it will help your research (Questionairre Design, 2011). Questionnaires are versatile, allowing the collection of both subjective and objective data through the use of open or closed format questions to fit the medium (The Survey System, 2011). Telephone interviews enable a researcher to gather information rapidly (Research Methods Knowledge Base, 2011). Like personal interviews, they allow for some personal contact between the interviewer and the respondent. And, they allow the interviewer to ask follow-up questions. With a busy clinical practice the interviewer would need to be cognizant of time when speaking with healthcare providers and/or their