BRANCHES OF LAW
BRANCHES OF LAW
Among branches of law, two major fields can be distinguished: private law and public law. The difference between these two branches lies mainly in the parties of the legal relationship in question.
Private law signifies rules that regulate the relationships between private individuals (subjects of law who are, legally speaking, in an equal situation; for example, the legal relationship between a buyer and a seller, where both parties have certain rights and obligations). Private law covers civil law, commercial law, international private law as well as intellectual property (such as copyright, patent law).
Public law, on the other hand, consists in rules where one party is the state, who participates in the legal relationship from a position of strength – thereby effecting its power. Public law also signifies principles that serve as a basis for the structure of the state and the relationships between the state and the citizens. In addition to constitutional law, public law also covers administrative, financial, criminal and procedural law as well as international law.
Constitutional law
The characterization of branches of law traditionally begins with constitutional law, which serves as a basis for other branches. Constitutional law regulates in general terms all legal relationships concerned with the state and law (separation of powers, essential features of the state, legislation). Constitutional law regulates the form of the public order and the administrative division of the territory; the status and role of the holder of the highest public authority, human rights; the primary elements of the public system (such as the parliament), their function, legal manner, structure, competence, and the bases and procedure of their formation (for example election procedure), as well as relations with the other elements of the public system (like the local government).
Due to its highest conclusive force, constitutional law also covers all constitutional
Among branches of law, two major fields can be distinguished: private law and public law. The difference between these two branches lies mainly in the parties of the legal relationship in question.
Private law signifies rules that regulate the relationships between private individuals (subjects of law who are, legally speaking, in an equal situation; for example, the legal relationship between a buyer and a seller, where both parties have certain rights and obligations). Private law covers civil law, commercial law, international private law as well as intellectual property (such as copyright, patent law).
Public law, on the other hand, consists in rules where one party is the state, who participates in the legal relationship from a position of strength – thereby effecting its power. Public law also signifies principles that serve as a basis for the structure of the state and the relationships between the state and the citizens. In addition to constitutional law, public law also covers administrative, financial, criminal and procedural law as well as international law.
Constitutional law
The characterization of branches of law traditionally begins with constitutional law, which serves as a basis for other branches. Constitutional law regulates in general terms all legal relationships concerned with the state and law (separation of powers, essential features of the state, legislation). Constitutional law regulates the form of the public order and the administrative division of the territory; the status and role of the holder of the highest public authority, human rights; the primary elements of the public system (such as the parliament), their function, legal manner, structure, competence, and the bases and procedure of their formation (for example election procedure), as well as relations with the other elements of the public system (like the local government).
Due to its highest conclusive force, constitutional law also covers all constitutional