Book Summary: The Crusades
The Crusades
Biographies
The Crusades
Biographies
Written by J. Sydney Jones Edited by Marcia Merryman Means and Neil Schlager
The Crusades: Biographies
Written by J. Sydney Jones Edited by Marcia Merryman Means and Neil Schlager Project Editor Julie L. Carnagie Editorial Ralph G. Zerbonia Permissions Lori Hines, Susan J. Rudolph, William A. Sampson ©2005 by U•X•L. U•X•L is an imprint of Thomson Gale, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. U•X•L® is a registered trademark used herein under license. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license. For more information, contact: Thomson Gale 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or you can visit our Internet site at http://www.gale.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED …show more content…
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Timeline of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Words to Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Alexius I Comnenus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Alexius IV Angelus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Alp Arslan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Averroës . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Al-Zahir Baybars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Benjamin of Tudela. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Bernard of Clairvaux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Anna Comnena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Eleanor of Aquitaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Francis of Assisi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Frederick II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Godfrey of Bouillon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Hugh de Payens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Innocent III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Sultan al-Malik al-Kamil . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Louis IX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …show more content…
Qur’an: The Muslim holy book, also known as the Koran.
R
Rabbi: A religious leader and scholar in the Jewish faith. Ransom: The money paid to free a knight or other noble person captured in battle. Reign: The length of rule of a king, emperor, or other noble. Relic: A holy object or even a piece of a holy object connected with Jesus Christ or a saint and therefore thought to have mystical powers.
S
Saracen: A member of the nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian deserts at the time of the Roman Empire; more generally applied by Europeans to all Arabs and Muslims during the Crusades. Seljuk Turks: A Turkish tribe from Central Asia that converted to Islam and invaded the Middle East in the eleventh century. Religious fanatics, they threatened access to the holy sites of Christianity in Palestine. Shiite: A follower of the Islamic branch founded by the fourth caliph, Ali, cousin and son-in-law to Muhammad; the first important minority branch of Islam.
Words to Know xxi
Siege: Military blockade of a city or fort to make it surrender. Sunni: The majority branch of Islam, taking their authority not from direct descendants of Muhammad but from the sunna, or practices of Muhammad.
Biographies
The Crusades
Biographies
Written by J. Sydney Jones Edited by Marcia Merryman Means and Neil Schlager
The Crusades: Biographies
Written by J. Sydney Jones Edited by Marcia Merryman Means and Neil Schlager Project Editor Julie L. Carnagie Editorial Ralph G. Zerbonia Permissions Lori Hines, Susan J. Rudolph, William A. Sampson ©2005 by U•X•L. U•X•L is an imprint of Thomson Gale, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. U•X•L® is a registered trademark used herein under license. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license. For more information, contact: Thomson Gale 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or you can visit our Internet site at http://www.gale.com ALL RIGHTS RESERVED …show more content…
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Timeline of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Words to Know . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Alexius I Comnenus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Alexius IV Angelus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Alp Arslan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Averroës . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Al-Zahir Baybars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Benjamin of Tudela. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Bernard of Clairvaux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Anna Comnena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Eleanor of Aquitaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Francis of Assisi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Frederick II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Godfrey of Bouillon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Hugh de Payens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Innocent III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Sultan al-Malik al-Kamil . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Louis IX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …show more content…
Qur’an: The Muslim holy book, also known as the Koran.
R
Rabbi: A religious leader and scholar in the Jewish faith. Ransom: The money paid to free a knight or other noble person captured in battle. Reign: The length of rule of a king, emperor, or other noble. Relic: A holy object or even a piece of a holy object connected with Jesus Christ or a saint and therefore thought to have mystical powers.
S
Saracen: A member of the nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian deserts at the time of the Roman Empire; more generally applied by Europeans to all Arabs and Muslims during the Crusades. Seljuk Turks: A Turkish tribe from Central Asia that converted to Islam and invaded the Middle East in the eleventh century. Religious fanatics, they threatened access to the holy sites of Christianity in Palestine. Shiite: A follower of the Islamic branch founded by the fourth caliph, Ali, cousin and son-in-law to Muhammad; the first important minority branch of Islam.
Words to Know xxi
Siege: Military blockade of a city or fort to make it surrender. Sunni: The majority branch of Islam, taking their authority not from direct descendants of Muhammad but from the sunna, or practices of Muhammad.