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ACCOUNTING-BASED EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND REAL
ACTIVITIES MANIPULATION

A Dissertation
Presented to
The Academic Faculty

by

Wei Yu

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Philosophy in the
School of Management

Georgia Institute of Technology
August 2008
Copyright 2008 by Wei Yu

3327682
Copyright 2008 by
Yu, Wei
All rights reserved

2008

3327682

ACCONTING-BASED EARNINGS MANAGEMENT AND REAL
ACTIVITIES MANIPULATION

Approved by:
Dr. Bryan K. Church, Chair
College of Management
Georgia Institute of Technology

Dr. Xi Kuang
College of Management
Georgia Institute of Technology

Dr. Eugene Comiskey
College of Management
Georgia Institute of Technology

Dr. Haizheng Li
Ivan Allen College of Liberal Arts
Georgia Institute of Technology

Dr. Arnold Schneider
College of Management
Georgia Institute of Technology
Date: May 23, 2008

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am grateful for the guidance from my thesis advisor, Bryan Church and from my thesis committee members, Eugene Comiskey, Arnold Schneider, Xi Kuang and
Haizheng Li. I appreciate the comments from the workshop participants at Georgia
Institute of Technology, Iowa State University and South Carolina University. I am grateful to the financial support from Bryan Church. On my personal note, I again thank
Bryan Church who has been so much more than an advisor as a true model of intellectual excellence. I also would like to thank my parents, Feng Yu and Wengu Zheng, for their constant support.

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Acknowledgements

iii

List of Tables

viii

List of Figures

x

Summary

xi

Chapter
I

Auditor Industry Specialization and Real Activities Manipulation

1

1.1 Introduction

1

1.2 Literature Review and Hypotheses Development

3

1.2.1 Motives to Hire Industry Specialist Auditors

3

1.2.2 The Impact of Auditor Industry Specialization on Earnings Quality

5

1.2.3



References: Baber, W., P. Fairfield, and J. Haggard. 1991. The effect of concern about reported income on discretionary spending decisions: The case of research and development Bange, M. M. and W. F. M. De Bondt. 1998. R&D budgets and corporate earnings budgets Bar-Gill, O., and L. Bebchuk. 2003. Misreporting corporate governance. Working paper. Barton, J. and P. Simko. 2002. The balance sheet as an earnings management constraint. Bartov, E. 1993. The timing of asset sales and earnings manipulation. The Accounting Review 68 (4): 840-55. Bathala, C. T., K. P. Moon, and R. P. Rao. 1994. Managerial ownership, debt policy, and the impact of institutional holdings: an agency perspective Baysinger, B., R. Kosnik, and T. Turk. 1991. Effects of board and ownership structure on corporate strategy Beneish, M. D. and M. E. Vargus. 2002. Insider trading, earnings quality, and accrual mispricing Bergstresser, D. and T. Philippon. 2006. CEO Incentives and Earnings Management. Bethel, J., J. Liebeskind, and T. Opler. 1998. Block share purchases and corporate performance Black, B. S. 1992. Institutional investors and corporate governance: the case for institutional voice Black, B. and J. Coffee. 1994. Hail Britannia?: Institutional investor behavior under limited regulation Bushee, B. 1998. The influence of institutional investors on myopic R&D investment behavior Bushee, B. 2001. Do institutional investors prefer near-term earnings over long-run value? Contemporary Accounting Research 18 (2): 207-46. Cohen, D, and A. Dey, and T. Lys. 2008. Real and Accrual-based Earnings Management in the Pre- and Post- Sarbanes Oxley Periods DeAngelo, L. E. 1988. Managerial competition, information costs, and corporate governance: The use of accounting performance measures in proxy contests Dechow, P. M. and R. G. Sloan. 1991. Executive incentives and the horizon problem: an empirical investigation Dechow, P. M. and D. J. Skinner. 2000. Earnings management: Reconciling the views of accounting academics, practitioners, and regulators Dechow, P. M., R.G. Sloan, and A. P. Sweeney. 1996. Causes and consequences of earning manipulation: An analysis of firms subject to enforcement actions by the SEC. Demski, J. 2004. Endogenous expectations. The Accounting Review 79: 519-539. Dye, R. A. 2002. Classifications manipulation and Nash accounting standards. Journal of Accounting Research 40 (4): 1125-62. Erickson, M., M. Hanlon, and E. L. Maydew. 2006. Is there a link between executive equity incentives and accounting fraud? Journal of Accounting Research 44: 113-144. Ewert, R. and A. Wagenhofer. 2005. Economic effects of tightening accounting standards to restrict earnings management Frederick, S., G. Loewenstein, and J. O’Donoghue. 2002. Time discounting and time preference: a critical review Gaspar, J-M., M. Massa, and M. Pedro. 2005. Shareholder investment horizon and the market of corporate control Graham, J., R. Harvey, and S. Rajgopal. 2005. The economic implications of corporate financial reporting Graves, S. 1988. Institutional ownership and corporate R&D in the computer industry. Graves, S. B. and S. A. Waddock. 1990. Institutional ownership and control: implications for long-term corporate strategy Gunny, K. 2005. What are the consequences of real earnings management? Working paper Hall, B. J. and J. B. Liebman. 1998. Are CEOs really paid like bureaucrats? Quarterly Journal of Economics 112 (3): 653-691. Hand, J. 1990. A test of the functional fixation hypothesis. The Accounting Review 65 (4): 739-63. Hansen, G. and C. Hill. 1991. Are institutional investors myopic? A time-series study of four technology driven industries Healy, P. 1985. The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics 7: 85-107. Healy, P., and J. Wahlen. 1999. A review of the earnings management literature and its implications for standard setting Herrmann, T., D. F. Inoue, and W. B. Thomas. 2003. The sale of assets to manage earnings in Japan Hirschman, A. 1971. Exit, voice and loyalty: responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states Holthausen, R., D. Larcker, and R. Sloan. 1995. Annual bonus schemes and the manipulation of earnings Huddart, S. 1993. The effect of a large shareholder on corporate value. Management Science 39 (4): 1407-21. Jarrell, G., K. Lehn, and W. Marr. 1985. Institutional ownership, tender offers and longterm investments. Unpublished SEC study. Johnson, S. A., H. E. Ryan, Jr., and Y. S. Tian. 2005. Executive Compensation and Corporate Fraud Lang, M. and M. McNichols. 1997. Institutional trading and corporate performance. Maug, E. 1998. Large shareholders as monitors: Is there a trade-off between liquidity and control? Journal of Finance.

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