Attiki Odos

Greece Attiki Odos

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CONTENTS

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INTRODUCTION Type of project Country/location Current status

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BACKGROUND TO PROJECT Principal project objectives Key enabling mechanisms and decisions to proceed Main organisations involved  Government  The private partner/concessionaire - Attiki Odos S.A  Major advisors and consultants to main parties  Banks  Independent Engineer  Local government  Pressure groups Planning and environmental regime  Environmental statements  Public participation Regeneration related impacts  Regeneration of quarries – reforestations  Parks  Archaeological findings  Noise  Employment Attiki Odos service areas and real estate development Land acquisition

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PRINCIPAL PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS Outline of technical specification Principal transport nodes Major associated developments  New Attika Urban Highways Project  New Motorways Programme  Athens Metro and Suburban Railway  Athens International Airport Project costs  Predicted costs  Actual costs Project programme Main contracts and contractors

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PROJECT TIMELINE

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PROJECT FUNDING/FINANCING Background to funding/financing Role of traffic forecasts  Estimating future motorway traffic  Traffic forecasting methodology Funding sources

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OPERATIONS

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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List of figures
Figure 1: The interchange with Kifisias Avenue ...................................................................................... 6 Figure 2: The Metamorfosi interchange with Athens – Thessaloniki National Highway ......................... 7 Figure 3: Attiki Odos project map ............................................................................................................ 8 Figure 4: Location of Attiki Odos within Greece and Attika Region ........................................................ 9 Figure 5: TEN-T Priority Axis 7 and its breakdown into projects .......................................................... 15 Figure 6:

Bibliography:  Allen R., Bullock M., Papandreou K., Thibaut M. (2007), Drive to succeed, ITS International, March - April 2007  Attiki Odos S.A (2003), Speech of Dimitrios Koutras, Official press release on 16 January 2003, accessed at www.aodos.gr  Attiki Odos S.A. (2001a), Criteria for comparing projects, Official Press release, 2001a (accessed from www.aodos.gr)  Attiki Odos S.A. Official Website, www.aodos.gr  Attiki Odos S.A. (2001b) ‘Inauguration of Attiki Odos’, Official Press release record, 2001b (accessed from www.aodos.gr)  Bastos P. (1999), Risks Associated with BOT Toll Motorways in Greece: The Case Of Elefsina - Stavros - Spata Airport Motorway, Bartlett Graduate School MSc Thesis, University College London, September 1999  Bobolas L. (2006), The challenges of the past and the success of today are leading the way to the future, International Symposium on Freeway and Toll way Operations, Organized by: Transport Research Board, Athens 4-7 June 2006  Decision No. 1692/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 1996 on Community guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network. Official Journal L 228, 9 September 1998.  Decree nr.1035/1993 of the Supreme Administrative Court [SAC], Council of the State, Greece  Decree nr.1038/1993 of the Supreme Administrative Court [SAC], Council of the State, Greece  Decree nr.1040/1993 of the Supreme Administrative Court [SAC], Council of the State, Greece  Decree nr.1675/1999 of the Supreme Administrative Court [SAC], Council of the State, Greece  EC (1999), Council Regulation (EC) No 1260/1999 of 21 June 1999 European Commission, 1999  EC (2002), Trans-European Transport Network, TEN-T priority projects, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2002  EC (2005), Transport Policy Implementation and Industry Characteristics, Directorate General Transport and Energy, Deliverable 6 of the project: Transport Institutions in the Policy Process (TIPP)  EC (2005b), Trans-European Transport network: TEN-T priority axes and projects 2005, European Commission, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2005  EC/Barnier (2000), Written answer given by Mr. Barnier on behalf of the Commission on the question (E-2894/01) by A. Alavanos (MEP) to the Commission, Subject: Collapse of the Attiki road bridge in Markopoulon, Official Journal of the European Communities, 28 February 2000.  EC/Barnier (2001), Written answer given by Mr. Barnier on behalf of the Commission on the question (E-2894/01) by K. Hatzidakis (MEP) to the Commission, Subject: Overrun of original cost of building Attiki Odos, Official Journal of the European Communities, 14 December 2001.  EC/Barnier (2002), Written answer given by Mr. Barnier on behalf of the Commission on the question (E-2894/01) by K. Hatzidakis (MEP) to the Commission, Subject: Overrun of original cost of building Attiki Odos, Official Journal of the European Communities, 16 May 2002.  EC/Barnier (2003a), Written answer given by Mr. Barnier on behalf of the Commission on the question (E-0773/03) by K. Hatzidakis (MEP) to the Commission, Subject: Overrun of original cost of building Attiki Odos, Official Journal of the European Communities, 16 April 2003.  EC/Barnier (2003b), Written answer given by Mr. Barnier on behalf of the Commission on the question (P-0239/03) by K. Hatzidakis (MEP) to the Commission, Subject: Budget overruns in construction of Attiki Odos motorway, Official Journal of the European Communities, 28 February 2003.  ECIF (2004), The 14 TEN-T Priority Projects, Survey Federation de l 'Industrie Europeenne de la Construction / European Construction Industry Federation, 11 Edition, Bruselles, June 2004  EIB (2002), Greece: EIB EUR 106.6 million for finalising the Athens peripheral motorway, Press Release on 30 September 2002  EIB (1997), EIB support for the new Elefsis-Stavros-Spata and Imittos peripheral motorway, Press Release on 18 December 1997  Eleftherotypia (2003), ‘One highway at the price of two’, article by Hara Tzanavara on 14 January 2003 in Eletherotypia newspaper, in Greek at www.enet.gr  G.K. Tsolakis - Environmental Impact Assessments Studies, Official Website, www.mpe.gr • Halkias B. (2004), The Integrated Toll and Traffic Management System (ITTMS) of the Athens Peripheral Highway, NATMEC 2004, Transportation Research Board, San Diego, California.  Halkias B., Deighton J. (2006), Road Financing: How Sponsors, Administrations, Contractors and Lenders Are Sharing Risk: Attica Tollway Example, Presentation to 85th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, 22-26 January, 2006  Haralampidou V. (1997), ‘Bulldozers in Attiki Odos, The cost, the programme and the hurdles’, To Vima newspaper, 8 June 1997  Hatzidakis K. (2003), An evaluation of the large project of Community Support Framework: A European view with new data and proposals, Office of K. Hatzidakis (Member of the European Parliament), July 2003, Athens  Kathimerini (2001), When project co-financing burdens the public in an unequal way, Kathimerini newspaper, 14 October 2001  Kitsos G. (2004), ‘Completed and under development works in the broader area of Athens during the last five years and the impact of the new transport projects’, Report presented in the Conference ‘Flood protection of Attica’ organized by the Technical Chamber of Greece, November 2004  Kloukinioti H. (1996), Challenges in the Development of the Western Peripheral Highway of Immitos, Department of Planning and Regional Development, Diploma Thesis, January 1996  Konstantopoulos N. (2002), Attiki Odos: a model BOOT project, Ktirio Magazine, issue 141, Thessaloniki, 2002  Law 2245/1996, ‘Ratification of Contract for Design, Build, Finance, Operate of Elefsina-Stavros-Spata Motorway (ESSM) and Immitos Western Peripheral Motorway (IWPM), related Issues and regulations’, Official Gazette of the Hellenic Republic, No 274 – 16 December 1996.  Leistner M., Johnston B., Weil, Gotshal & Manges (2000), Case Study – Long road to Athens, Project Finance International, Vol. 194, May 2000  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2008), Official Presentation and Press Release on 02 June 2008 about the New Attika Urban Highways Project, Athens  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2000), Official Press Release on 15 June 2000 about the importance and the progress of Athens Ring Road, Athens  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2001), Ex ante appraisal of the operational programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’, Athens  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2002), 2001 Yearly Review of the operational programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’, Athens, June 2002  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2003), 2002 Yearly Review of the operational programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’, Athens, June 2003  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2004), 2003 Yearly Review of the operational programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’, Athens, June 2003  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2005), 1st review of intermediate evaluation report of the operational programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’, Athens  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2005b), 2004 Yearly Review of the operational programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’, Athens, June 2005  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2007), Press Conference of the Minister G. Souflias on the signing of the concession contract Cental Greece Motorway, 31 May 2007  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2007), Press Conference of the Minister G. Souflias on the signing of the concession contract for East Motorway of Peloponisos, 31 January 2007  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2007), Press Conference of the Minister G. Souflias on the signing of the concession contract for Ionian Odos, 14 March 2007  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2007), Press Conference of the Minister G. Souflias on the signing of the concession contract for Maliakos – Kleidi Motorway, Athens, 28 June 2007  Ministry of the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works [MEPPW] (2007), Press Conference of the Minister G. Souflias on the signing of the concession contract for North-western Motorway of Peloponisos, Athens, 24 July 2007  OECD (2000), Environmental Performance Reviews: Greece, Paris, 2000  Official web site for the Operational Programme ‘Road Axes, Ports and Urban Development’ (OP-RAPUD) of the General Secretariat for Public Works of the Hellenic Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works, www.epoalaa.gr  Pasgianos G., Saratsis G.,Tyrogianni E. (2003),The role of technical consultant in infrastructure investments, Technical Chamber of Greece – Department of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Conference: New Horizons in Project Management, Engineering School, Aristoteleion University of Thessaloniki, 16-17 May 2003  PWC (2006), Infrastructure and Government - Hybrid PPPs: Levering EU funds and private capital, Report prepared by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for the World Bank, January 2006  Trova H., Koutras D. (2001), Construction of the Single European Space and Concession of Public Works: a study on the dialectics of poles of powers, Sakkoulas Publishers, Athens  Tyrogianni H. (2007), PPPs Anticipation and Reality Generates Innovation in Financing: The Case of the Attica Tollway, presented at IBTTA (International Bridge, Tunnel and Turnpike Association) 75th Annual Meeting & Exhibition 7-10 October 2007, Vienna.  Zekkos K. (2008), Athens metropolitan area and Attica Region transport network, current development plan and review of previous critical milestones and evolution steps, presentation for the OMEGA Centre Workshop, Athens/Volos, 5 – 9 May 2008  Zografos K., May A., Marsden G., Kallioinen, Tegner H. (2004), Surveys of Transport Institutional Systems in Europe, Report for the European Commission, 5th Framework Programme – DGTREN, Final Revised Version, 27 April 2004 People interviewed and their relevant role: I: Mr. Stelios Markianos Deputy CFO of AKTOR Group (the leader company of the concessionaire) during bidding, negotiations with the state and construction. II: Mr. Emmanuel Zozonakis Manager in Project Finance Division of Emporiki Bank, account manager of Attiki Odos financing and key participant in the lending negotiations with Attiki Odos S.A., the EIB and the Public Sector. Data from related banking documents which can not be referenced in this report were also gathered at the interview. III: Mr. George Tsolakis General Secretariat of the Association of Greek Environmental Scientists and Engineers. IV: Mr. Vassilis Dorovinis Lawyer of the Municipality of Ag. Paraskevi (one of the areas heavily affected by Attiki Odos), legal consultant and former chairman of Elliniki Etairia (one of the most active Greek NGOs concerning environment and heritage) V: Mr. George Kotsoridis Head of the ETEBA team (National Investment Bank for Industrial Development) which was the financial advisor of the Greek government during the period from concession award to the financial close of the Attiki Odos project.