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Table of Content

Table of Content
Part A 3 1. Introduction 3 2. Literature review 3 3. Analysis 7 3.1 Professionalism 7 3.2 Flexibility 8 3.3 Optimism 9 3.4 Transparency 9 4. Conclusion 10
Part B 12
Part C 14
References
Appendix 1

Part A

1. Introduction

In recent decades, Australia accounting regulatory system becomes increasingly stronger. Corporation law, the professional accounting bodies as well as the Australia Securities and investment commissions (ASIC), as representatives of Australia’s accounting regulatory system, are pretty hefty reforms in Australia. To date, people recognise that the Australia’s accounting regulatory system that applies to companies is an increasingly important factor than before. In 1988, Gray developed four accounting values (that is Professionalism versus statutory control, uniformity versus flexibility, conservatism versus optimism and secrecy versus transparency) deemed to relate to the accounting subcultures (Deegan, 2009). And these four accounting values were based on Hofstede’s societal dimensions. Furthermore, these four accounting values are associated with different countries’ accounting systems. In order to have a better understanding of Australia’s accounting regulatory system for public companies, the Gray’s four accounting values can be used as a facility.
This paper will concentrate on the how the accounting regulatory system of Australia reflects Gray’s four accounting values. Furthermore, diversities of views will he presented in the literature review part and comparing and contrasting will be made following in the analysis part.

2. Literature review

The accounting regulatory system of Australia that applies to companies plays a crucial part of the whole accounting regulations. In order to have a better understanding of the accounting regulation system for companies, Gray’s four accounting values can be used as a facility. The purpose of the literature



References: Askary, S. 2006, Accounting Measurement in the Religious Perspective: Conservatism or Optimism? International journal of accounting, vol. 33. No. 2, pp. 211-235. ASX, 2011, ASX Group, retrieved on 17/12/2011, Australia government, 2011, AASB, retrieved on 17/12/2011, . Australia government, 2011, ACCC, retrieved on 17/12/2011, . Australia government, 2011, FRC, retrieved on 17/12/2011, . Beer, S. & Thomson, J. 2006, Professional Accounting Bodies in Australia, Academic Search Complete, vol.26, no. 11, pp. 73-89. Benmelech, E. and Moskowitz, T.J. 2010, the political economy of financial regulation: evidence from the usary laws in the 19th century, The Journal of Finance, Vol. 65 No. 3, pp. 1029–1073. Burden, H.P. 1992, Speech to the Australia and New Zealand business council, University of Albalm, Wellington. Chanchani, S. & Willett, R. 2004, an empirical assessment of Gray’s accounting value constructs, the international journal of accounting, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 125-154. Craig, R. & Diga, J. 1999, A Framework for Describing National Financial Accounting Systems: Towards an Archetype, Asian Review of Accounting, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 65-95. Davis, G., Wanna, J. and Weller, P. (1988), Public Policy in Australia, Allen and Urwin Australia, North Sydney. Frost, G.R. & Wilmshurst, T.D. 1998, Evidence of environment accounting in Australia companies, Asian Review of Accounting, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 163-180. Funnell, W. and Cooper, K. (1998), Public Sector Accounting and Accountability in Australia, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney. Haller, A, 1992, The Relationship of Financial and Tax Accounting in Germany: A Major Reason for Accounting Disharmony in Europe, International Journal of Accounting Education and Research, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 310-323. Herrmann, D. and Thomas, W. 1995, Harmonisation of Accounting Measurement Practices in the European Community, Accounting and Business Research, autumn, pp. 253-265. Hofsteds, G. 1983, Dimensions of national cultures in fifty countries and three regions, Expisciscations in cross-cultural psychology, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 335-355. Johnson, S. & Kwak, J. 2010, ‘13 Bankers: The Wall Street Takeover and the Next Financial Meltdown’, International Business, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 281-283. Most, K, 1984, Accounting in France, International Accounting, Third Quarter, pp. 555-572. Sathye, M. 2008, Estimating the cost of compliance of AMLCTF for financial institutions in Australia, Journal of Financial Crime, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 347-363. Taylor, M. 1998, Assessing the Case for an Integrated Financial Commission, CTA Financial Publishing, London. Taylor, S.L. 1987, International Accounting Standards: an alternative rational, Abacus, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 157-171. Tomasic, R. 2001, Governance and the evaluation of corporate law and regulation in Australia, Corporate Governancel, vol. 3, no. 2, pp.24-32. Walker, R.G. 1987, Australia’s A.S.R.B. — a case of political activity and regulatory ‘capture’, Accounting and Business Research, vol. 65. No. 1, pp. 269-286.

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