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Apple Inc. Gaining a Competitive Advanatage.

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Apple Inc. Gaining a Competitive Advanatage.
Case Study I Apple Inc.: Taking a Bite Out of the Competition

เสนอ อ.ดร. อรุณี ตันวิสุทธิ์

จัดทําโดย นางสาวอุบลวรรณ นางสาวณัฐพร นายพิเชษฐ นายพีรยสถ นางสาวศศิธร ทรัพยมาก ยืนยงพิสิฐ กาญจนพฤกษ องควณิช เมฆมาลัย รหัสประจําตัว 5002030301 รหัสประจําตัว 5002030525 รหัสประจําตัว 5002030681 รหัสประจําตัว 5002031044 รหัสประจําตัว 5002031226

Case Study: Apple Inc.: Taking a Bite Out of the Competition
Apple Inc.: Taking a Bite Out of the Competition
1. Brief Introduction and Key Issue บริษัท Apple Computer Inc. ไดเกิดขึ้นจากการรวมกันกอตั้งของ สตีฟ จอบส (Steve Jobs) และ สตีฟ วอซเนียก (Steve Wozniak) ทําการปฏิวัติธุรกิจคอมพิวเตอรสวนบุคคลในป 1976 โดยการนําเครื่องคอมพิวเตอรเครื่อง แรกที่ประดิษฐจากโรงรถออกมาขาย ในชื่อ Apple I ในจํานวนและระยะเวลาจํากัด ภายในปถัดมาก็ไดผลิตเครื่องคอมพิวเตอรที่ ทํายอดจําหนายสูงสุดใหกับบริษัท ณ ขณะนั้นคือ Apple II ซึ่งเปนการเปดศักราชใหมแหงวงการไมโครคอมพิวเตอร และเปน การสรางมาตรฐานใหกับไมโครคอมพิวเตอรท่ีเกิดตามหลังทั้งหมด อยางไรก็ดี ในชวงเวลาดังกลาว ทางบริษัทจะมุงเนนการขาย ระบบปฏิบตการมากกวาที่จะขายผลิตภัณฑไมโครคอมพิวเตอร เนื่องจากประสิทธิภาพของผลิตภัณฑจากบริษัท Intel และ IBM ัิ ทํางานไดดีกวา ตอมาในป 1980 แอปเปลคอมพิวเตอรไดกลายมาเปนบริษัทมหาชน และการเปดขายหุนใหแกสาธารณชนผูสนใจ รวมลงทุน และในปเดียวกันนี้เอง แอปเปลคอมพิวเตอรไดนําเครื่อง Apple III ออกวางตลาด แตกลับประสบความสําเร็จนอย กวาเดิม

Apple I

Apple II

Apple III

ในขณะที่ธุรกิจของแอปเปลกําลังเติบโตตอไป บริษัทไดเริ่มมองหาผูมีความเชี่ยวชาญในการบริหารธุรกิจเพื่อมาชวยใน การขยายกิจการ ในปค.ศ. 1983 จอบสไดวาจาง จอหน สกัลลีย (John Sculley) ผูบริหารระดับสูงของบริษัทเปบซี่-โคลา ใหมาดํารงตําแหนงผูบริหารระดับสูงของแอปเปล ในปเดียวกัน แอปเปลยังไดเปดตัวเครื่องคอมพิวเตอรลิซา (Lisa) ที่มี เทคโนโลยีล้ําหนา แตดวยราคาสินคาที่แพงมากจึงทําใหลิซาไมประสบความสําเร็จทางการตลาดแตอยางใด ถัดมาในป 1984 แอปเปล ไดพัฒนาเครื่องคอมพิวเตอรใหมีประสิทธิภาพเพิ่มขึ้น

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