Ap Psychology Chapter 1 Summary

Outlined Notes 2011
Chapter 1

Sex – designated based on biology, naturally born body parts Biological, based on chromosomes and anatomy, influenced in utero by progesterone levels
Gender – socially constructed and expressed, it is not stable or innate Can change based on: self, culture, in relation to others gender
Transgender – have the physical characteristics of one sex buy identify internally strongly as the other sex
Intersexed – people who have biological qualities of both sexes – hermaphrodites – based on pre and post birth hormonal influences, biology influences how we develop but does not determine how we behave or our personality or how we treat differences
Transsexual – a person who had a surgery and/or hormonal treatments
Gender roles are both external and assigned and value-defined by
Only thing holding women back is belief they are victims
Appeals to white, successful, well-educated/ Less helpful to those without privilege
Emphasis on empowerment influential in shaping third wave

Third wave of feminism – 1995-Present
Recognizes that women differ in many ways including race, class, sexual orientation, body shape and size
Build Coalitions with men and other groups that work against various kinds of oppression
Engaging in everyday resistance incorporating structural changes in everyday life (i.e., challenging racist comments; confronting homophobic attitudes) Political is personal
Media Savvy- Use mass and social media to advance ideas (i.e., Tori Amos; R.A.I.N.N.; Blogs, Zines, social network sites)
Embrace Aesthetics and Consumerism May lead to commodification of own body Pornography creates pressure for women to accept sexual images of liberated women Women encouraged to explore sexuality on own terms
Individualism

Antifeminism –