Ap Gov Unit 1 Constitutional Underpinnings
Constitutional Structure of American Federalism
3 constitutional powers allow the federal system 2 expand the gov’s power 2 meet the needs of a modern nation in a global economy. * Expansion Rests on 4 pillars 1. National Supremacy Article 2. War power 3. Commerce clause 4. Power 2 tax/ spend 4 gen. welfare
Interpreting Federalism * Mulloch vs. Maryland: under the Necessary And Proper Clause- the fed. Gov. has implied powers * The constitutional established supremacy as the fed. Gov. (preemption- when fed. Law or regulation precludes enforcement of state/loc. Law or regulations.) * So, you can’t tax a federal entity. * Local is less competitive, and less likely to represent ethnicity.
The Great Debate: Decentralists vs. Centralists * Decentr- view the constitution as a compact among states giving ltd power 2 the fed. Gov. * The 10th amend. Is important! * National gov. is heaved handed. States are more responsive 2 community needs. Ex: HW Bush
* Central- view constitution as supreme law established by the ppl * Argue that only the nat. gov. is the gov of all ppl.
* 10th amend. Is important, but doesn’t stop fed gov. 2 authorize/exercise power * Supremacy limits states gov. local gov’s r less competent.
Regulatory Federalism * Congress authorizes programs, establishes general rules about how they’ll work, and * Appropriate $$ * Federal Grants: 1. Supply states/local gov’s w/ $$ 2. Establish mini. Nat. standards (ex. Clean air) 3. Equalize resources in states 4. Solve national problems yet minimize growth of federal agencies.
Types of Federal Grants * Category Formula Grants congress gives $$ by formula/ subject 2 detailed federal conditions. * Often on a matching basis (such as school lunches) * *Category grants provide federal supervision to ensure federal $$ is spent as congress wants it to.
* Project Grants congress gives
3 constitutional powers allow the federal system 2 expand the gov’s power 2 meet the needs of a modern nation in a global economy. * Expansion Rests on 4 pillars 1. National Supremacy Article 2. War power 3. Commerce clause 4. Power 2 tax/ spend 4 gen. welfare
Interpreting Federalism * Mulloch vs. Maryland: under the Necessary And Proper Clause- the fed. Gov. has implied powers * The constitutional established supremacy as the fed. Gov. (preemption- when fed. Law or regulation precludes enforcement of state/loc. Law or regulations.) * So, you can’t tax a federal entity. * Local is less competitive, and less likely to represent ethnicity.
The Great Debate: Decentralists vs. Centralists * Decentr- view the constitution as a compact among states giving ltd power 2 the fed. Gov. * The 10th amend. Is important! * National gov. is heaved handed. States are more responsive 2 community needs. Ex: HW Bush
* Central- view constitution as supreme law established by the ppl * Argue that only the nat. gov. is the gov of all ppl.
* 10th amend. Is important, but doesn’t stop fed gov. 2 authorize/exercise power * Supremacy limits states gov. local gov’s r less competent.
Regulatory Federalism * Congress authorizes programs, establishes general rules about how they’ll work, and * Appropriate $$ * Federal Grants: 1. Supply states/local gov’s w/ $$ 2. Establish mini. Nat. standards (ex. Clean air) 3. Equalize resources in states 4. Solve national problems yet minimize growth of federal agencies.
Types of Federal Grants * Category Formula Grants congress gives $$ by formula/ subject 2 detailed federal conditions. * Often on a matching basis (such as school lunches) * *Category grants provide federal supervision to ensure federal $$ is spent as congress wants it to.
* Project Grants congress gives