Italian/Northern Renaissance | | Medici Family | They dominated Florence during the 15th century and were interested in industry, trade, and banking. The first was Giovanni di Bicci de’Medici (1360-1429), and the most famous was Lorenzo the Magnificent (1449-1492), the great grandson of Giovanni. Medici power fell after Savonarola (1452-1498), a Franciscan friar, gained power, and therefore, Florence was never the same. | Humanism | England: * Started taking hold in early 15th century taught in schools in 16th century * Colet[1467-1519 (gave humanist lectures)] and More[1478-1535 (greatest humanist of England, Utopia (1516))]France: * French scholars studied in Italy became enthusiastic humanists * 15th century, Greek began to be studied * 1529, King Francis I (1515-1547) established College de France in Paris encouraged study of Hebrew, Greek, and LatinSpain: * Central figure of humanism was a churchman, Cardinal Francisco Ximenes de Cisneros (1436 – 15170 urged an improvement of education level in Spanish clergy, established University of Alcala, and made a multi-lingual (Hebrew, Greek, and Latin) BibleGermany: * Johann Reuchlin (1455-1522) visited Italy encouraged German curriculum to be extended to Hebrew and Greek languages and literature * Development of Christian humanism | Classicism/Antiquity | Term for a long period of cultural history in the Balkans from the earliest recorded poetry of Homer (8th – 7th century BC) to the emergence of Christianity and the fall of the Roman Empire (5th century AD). These ideals were preserved and imitated during the Renaissance. | Florence | Ruled by a small oligarchy, Florence was a major center of the handicraft industry, textiles, and banking. It was ruled by the Medici family for most of the 15th century, but when the Franciscan friar, Savonarola (1452-1498) gained power and exercised strict and puritanical rule over the city, he was executed at the stake. His rule marked the ended of the
