Ap Biology Chapter 19
Chapter 29 An Overview of Land Plant Evolution
1. Describe four shared derived homologies that link charophyceans and land plants.
a. The complexes that produce cellulose are rose shaped in both charophyceans and land plants. Next both have peroxisome enzymes that help minimize the loss of organic products from photorespiration. The structure of their flagellated sperm is very similar. Finally, both form a phragmoplast during cell division.
2. Distinguish among the kingdoms Plantae, Streptophyta, and Viridiplantae. Note which of these is used in the textbook.
a. Plantae is used in the textbook and refers to plants that form embryos. Streptophyta would include charophyceans ,green algae, and related groups. Viridiplantae would include noncharophyceans. …show more content…
Bryophytes are a major component of peat, a decayed organic matter used in a number of products and processes. It also forms coal which is used for power production.
The Origin and Diversity of Vascular Plants
12. Describe the five traits that characterize modern vascular plants. Explain how these characteristics have contributed to their success on land.
a. Dominant sporophytes – As a result, the gametophyte became practically invisible to the human eye.
b. Transport in xylem and phloem – These allowed plants to transport minerals, water, and other organic compounds, allowing plants to grow taller and thicker.
c. Evolutions of roots – Roots are organs that provide better anchor for vascular plants for growing taller and enable them to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
d. Evolution of leaves – Leaves increased surface area for plants on land to collect more solar energy for photosynthesis.
e. Sporophylls and Spore Variations – Led to flowers in angiosperms, which increased genetic variation in plants.
13. Distinguish between microphylls and megaphylls.
a. Microphylls are small, single veined leaves. Megaphylls are larger leaves with a highly branched vascular system. The vascular system allows the leave to grow wider because it does not have to be close to veins and obtain moresolar
1. Describe four shared derived homologies that link charophyceans and land plants.
a. The complexes that produce cellulose are rose shaped in both charophyceans and land plants. Next both have peroxisome enzymes that help minimize the loss of organic products from photorespiration. The structure of their flagellated sperm is very similar. Finally, both form a phragmoplast during cell division.
2. Distinguish among the kingdoms Plantae, Streptophyta, and Viridiplantae. Note which of these is used in the textbook.
a. Plantae is used in the textbook and refers to plants that form embryos. Streptophyta would include charophyceans ,green algae, and related groups. Viridiplantae would include noncharophyceans. …show more content…
Bryophytes are a major component of peat, a decayed organic matter used in a number of products and processes. It also forms coal which is used for power production.
The Origin and Diversity of Vascular Plants
12. Describe the five traits that characterize modern vascular plants. Explain how these characteristics have contributed to their success on land.
a. Dominant sporophytes – As a result, the gametophyte became practically invisible to the human eye.
b. Transport in xylem and phloem – These allowed plants to transport minerals, water, and other organic compounds, allowing plants to grow taller and thicker.
c. Evolutions of roots – Roots are organs that provide better anchor for vascular plants for growing taller and enable them to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
d. Evolution of leaves – Leaves increased surface area for plants on land to collect more solar energy for photosynthesis.
e. Sporophylls and Spore Variations – Led to flowers in angiosperms, which increased genetic variation in plants.
13. Distinguish between microphylls and megaphylls.
a. Microphylls are small, single veined leaves. Megaphylls are larger leaves with a highly branched vascular system. The vascular system allows the leave to grow wider because it does not have to be close to veins and obtain moresolar