AP Bio Evolution Study Guide
AP Bio Evolution Study Guide (Ch 22-25)
Chapter 22: Descent with Modification
Know the basic ideas that predated the ideas of Darwin
Natural Theology
Cuvier
Lyell
Linneaus
Lemarck
Theory of Use and Disuse
Theory of Acquired Characteristics
Darwin
Voyage of the Beagle (How did this lead to his ideas regarding evolution?)
Adaptations (What are they? How are they involved in evolution? How do they come about in a species?)
Descent with Modification (modify preexisting structures)
Natural Selection (Interaction of individuals/traits with environment). Know some examples (eg., finch beaks, moths)
Conditions necessary for natural selection
Evidence for Evolution
Be able to explain how each type of evidence contributes to proving the theory of evolution.
Biogeography
Fossil Record
Comparative Anatomy
Comparative Embryology
Molecular Biology
Which type of evidence provides the strongest support for evolution?
Chapter 23: Evolution of Populations
In general, you should understand how evolution is operating on the population level. The individual organisms carry the genes that natural selection acts upon, but it is the genes of the population (gene pools) that evolve.
Hardy-Weinberg Equation (p2 + 2pq + q2 =1 and p + q = 1)
Red plant color is dominant in a particular species of wildflower. In a wild population, 250 of the 5000 individual plants have white flowers.
From this type of question, you should be able to calculate the phenotypic and genotypic frequencies.
Frequency of heterozygotes
Frequency of homozygous dominant/recessive
Frequency of dominant allele
Frequency of recessive allele
Microevolution
Genetic Drift (founder effect, bottleneck effect)
Gene Flow
Mutation
Nonrandom Mating
Natural Selection
Variations
How do variations come about in a population?
Why is variation essential to natural selection to occur?
How does variation lead to increased evolutionary fitness of a population?
Evolutionary Fitness
How is the evolutionary fitness
Chapter 22: Descent with Modification
Know the basic ideas that predated the ideas of Darwin
Natural Theology
Cuvier
Lyell
Linneaus
Lemarck
Theory of Use and Disuse
Theory of Acquired Characteristics
Darwin
Voyage of the Beagle (How did this lead to his ideas regarding evolution?)
Adaptations (What are they? How are they involved in evolution? How do they come about in a species?)
Descent with Modification (modify preexisting structures)
Natural Selection (Interaction of individuals/traits with environment). Know some examples (eg., finch beaks, moths)
Conditions necessary for natural selection
Evidence for Evolution
Be able to explain how each type of evidence contributes to proving the theory of evolution.
Biogeography
Fossil Record
Comparative Anatomy
Comparative Embryology
Molecular Biology
Which type of evidence provides the strongest support for evolution?
Chapter 23: Evolution of Populations
In general, you should understand how evolution is operating on the population level. The individual organisms carry the genes that natural selection acts upon, but it is the genes of the population (gene pools) that evolve.
Hardy-Weinberg Equation (p2 + 2pq + q2 =1 and p + q = 1)
Red plant color is dominant in a particular species of wildflower. In a wild population, 250 of the 5000 individual plants have white flowers.
From this type of question, you should be able to calculate the phenotypic and genotypic frequencies.
Frequency of heterozygotes
Frequency of homozygous dominant/recessive
Frequency of dominant allele
Frequency of recessive allele
Microevolution
Genetic Drift (founder effect, bottleneck effect)
Gene Flow
Mutation
Nonrandom Mating
Natural Selection
Variations
How do variations come about in a population?
Why is variation essential to natural selection to occur?
How does variation lead to increased evolutionary fitness of a population?
Evolutionary Fitness
How is the evolutionary fitness