An interaction between biophysical factors and traumatic situations may cause anxiety disorders. Neurotransmitters of the central nervous system like norepinephrine and serotonin, peptides like corticotropin-releasing factor are the major mediators for the cause of anxiety disorder.
Biological
Low levels of GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces activity in the central nervous system, contribute to anxiety. A number of anxiolytics achieve their effect by modulating the GABA receptors.[22][23][24]
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the drugs most commonly used to treat depression, are frequently considered as a first line treatment for anxiety disorders.[25] A 2004 study using functional brain imaging techniques suggests …show more content…
In one long-term study, over 40% of people with schizophrenia who developed the disease in young adulthood had reported psychotic symptoms by age 11. For children with a family history of schizophrenia, the following inherited traits may be warning signs: • Deficits in working (short-term) and verbal memory • Impairments in gross motor skills (the child's ability to control different parts of the body) • Attention deficits • A decline in verbal memory, IQ, and other mental functions
Any signs of hallucinations or delusions must be differentiated from normal childhood fantasies.
Most often, early warning signs go unnoticed, and schizophrenia usually becomes evident for the first time in late adolescence or early adulthood. Schizophrenia that starts in childhood or adolescence tends to be severe. It should be strongly noted that the traits discussed above, even combinations of them, can be present without schizophrenia.
Negative Symptoms
A person with schizophrenia may have the following negative symptoms: • Lack of self confidence • Lack of emotions • Colorless speaking …show more content…
Some evidence indicates that the physical disease process in schizophrenia is progressive, as with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. However, schizophrenia does not progress in the same way as those two diseases. Unlike Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, cognitive function usually eventually stabilizes. Psychosis, disorganized thought, and negative symptoms often improve over time, although, even in such cases, deficits in verbal memory usually persist. (Thought disorder often improves along with improvements in negative symptoms.)
Causes:
No single cause can account for schizophrenia. Rather, it appears to be the result of multiple causes such as genetic factors, environmental and psychological assaults, and possible hormonal changes that alter the brain's chemistry.
Abnormalities in Brain Structure, Circuitry, and Chemicals
Brain scans using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown a number of abnormalities in the brain's structure associated with schizophrenia. Such problems can cause nerve damage and disconnections in the pathways that carry brain