Antibiotic Resistance In John Mckenna's Ted Talk

In her Ted Talk, Maryn McKenna illustrates the danger that humanity was in before the rise of antibiotics, and the future risks that will arise if further intervention on antibiotic resistance is not done. She describes that in the past, before penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming, infections were the primary cause of death and most people did not live past the age of forty. Once antibiotics were discovered, they functioned as a panacea, saving people from injuries and infections and allowed them to live longer lives. However, the seventy years of freely using antibiotics has caused bacteria to develop resistance via natural selection and special plasmid transfer, and now the deaths caused by infections are on the rise again. McKenna recommends that to combat this crisis which can lead to ten million deaths per year according to the Review on Antimicrobial Resistance, people should avoid buying products from companies that heavily use antibiotics and medical experts should avoid prescribing antibiotics when it is not necessary.
McKenna states that it takes ten years for pharmaceutical companies to develop a new drug or antibiotic, and I would be very interested in learning about this process and why it takes such a long time. I can start my research by understanding the process of how penicillin, vancomycin, and daptomycin were discovered, and where new potential sources of antibiotics can come from. This way, I will have a greater understanding of the difficulty of obtaining a new antibiotic