What is it that makes a woman a woman, or what makes a man a man? Deborah Tannen, author and Ph.D. of linguistics, investigates this question within the essay, “There Is No Unmarked Woman.” An excerpt from a larger publication, “Talking from 9 to 5,” written in 1994, “There Is No Unmarked Woman” is an effective examination of the social injustice as to why the state of womanhood is “marked” while the state of manhood is “unmarked”, and what this means for each sex. The book itself is a result of real-life research about the conversational styles in a workplace setting and how conversation impacts productivity and success. Although Tannen uses many effective strategies within the excerpted essay, she most pointedly uses devices such as narration, vivid description, definition, compare-contrast, and example to make herself heard. She also adopts a critical, but humorous, outlook in order to effectively analyze why these social structures exist without discrediting her own voice or style. In the opening paragraphs of “There Is No Unmarked Woman,” Tannen narrates a past experience from a professional conference, therefore beginning the essay on a more personal and relatable note. She begins with, “Some years ago I was at a small working conference of four women and eight men. Instead of concentrating on the discussion I found myself looking at the three other women at the table, thinking how each had a different style and how each style was coherent.” These few sentences allow the reader insight into the author’s thinking process and that even she may judge other women for how they dress and act, creating a more intimate atmosphere between the audience and the author. “One woman had dark brown hair in a classic style, a cross between Cleopatra and Plain Jane...Because she…
It gives a thorough explanation to two words, which concern the main topic – manly and womanly. According to the dictionary, manly means “having qualities appropriate to men: bald, resolute, and open in conduct of bearing,” while womanly is defined as “characteristics suitable to women: conforming to or motivated by a woman’s nature and attitudes, rather than a man’s.” In that way the authors prove that language still differentiates the two genders in an uneven way, making men…
* Characteristics of masculinity and femininity are naturalised in almost every society, but differ based on diverse environments, values and changing time periods. In literature, these assumptions come to underpin the construction of key characters.…
In Composition and Rhetoric we had the opportunity to read “Night to his Day: The Construction of Gender”. This narrative informs us on the difference between gender and sex and how it makes us who we are today. The information that is presented in this article is key for students entering into society because it can shed light on many misconceptions that may exist in students. It can also teach the origins of different social norms. Gender is a collection of expectations and privileges that is assigned to people of a different sex. Sex is a determination made through the application of socially agreed upon biological criteria for classifying a person as male or female. Everyone can relate to social gender roles and the effect it has on the…
Exploring the construction of hegemonic masculinity, we go through a contradicting state of the definition of manhood. Although contradictions appear, it is socially adapted and able to reside without conflict. Take manhood as this, “We think of manhood as a transcendent tangible property that each man must manifest in the world” (Kimmel, 1994). Meaning that manhood is merely an idea which is drilled into a man’s head by society, “Gender, we said, was an achieved status” (West and Zimmerman, 2015) in other terms, manhood is a socially agreed upon idealization of how men should act or who they should be. In West and Zimmerman’s “Doing Gender”, Hegemonic masculinity is accomplished by the unavoidable categories of sex and gender and ways we act upon them; collaborating together in a socially constructed standard of how to be.…
Soto, Gary. “To Be A Man.” Across Cultures: A Reader for Writers. Ed. Sheena Gillespie, and Robert Becker. 8th ed. Boston: Pearson. 2011. 100-103. Print.…
Throughout the decades, human beings from a small age start learning the characteristics of a male and female. Whether it is from media, clothing and to the way one is brought up, society has similar views of what it means to be a man or a women. Men are envisioned to be strong, aggressive, successful, and someone who avoids feminine characteristics. Women are perceived to be submissive, delicate, passive, dependent, vulnerable, having the ability to care for children and at times worthless. These views of gender identity have been engraved in humanities minds due to the amount of exposure to television, advertisements and the way one is raised in their households.…
The concept of being a man, and the idea of manliness, has been debatable in recent decades due to acts of feminism. Paul Theroux wrote Being a Man and was very opinionated as he said the idea of manliness was wrong and oppressive. Harvey Mansfield wrote The Partial Eclipse of Manliness, and stated that the concept of being manly has diminished and been overpowered by feminism. Both of these readings have provided valid and doubtful points in the discussion of what constitutes being manly, as well as how North American culture views the stereotypical man. Both authors are very opinionated and biased in their readings as they do not have any outside sources supporting their beliefs, but they do make effective arguments which further their attitude and outlook on manliness.…
In order to deconstruct these harmful notions of what it means to be “a real man”, however, femininity must not be seen as the other end of the pole – a source of weakness. If femininity is a negative trait, then being effeminate, or showing womanly characteristics as a male, will be seen as unmanly.…
The image of Man has changed throughout time. Dominant constructions of masculinity, which are basically attempts to stabilize gender identity, are developed within the dynamics of shifting cultures and societies. The male stereotype, which is still prevails nowadays, started rising at the end of eighteenth – beginning nineteenth century in Europe with a great concentration on the male’s body. The stereotype made the world look at man more like a type rather than an individual. Masculinity was strengthened due to the positive stereotyping, however for those that did not conform to this label or fit in with the ideal, were negatively stereotyped.…
Concepts of sex, gender and race in English language have undergone uncountable naturalization and universalities, to a point that they are now considered to have always been present. There are numerous arguments that revolve around the three concepts of human diversity. Dr. Warnke for example argues that the three concepts above are social constructs (Warnke 153). This paper is in the light of Dr Warnke’s argument but rather disagrees with her argument about sex, gender and race as social constructs. A critical analysis of her argument is presented in this paper. My stand here is that I agree with Dr. Warnke that race or ethnicity is a social construct, but I totally disagree with her that sex and gender are social constructs.…
shape, social rank, manner of existence, or sex) and that determines agreement with and selection…
There are some people saying that the language is sexist. Generally, considering the words that are mostly used for both genders such as man, mankind, chairman, or the word history, especially feminist women see this issue as a big problem. Those people may present the famous philosopher Aristotle's utterance "Man is a rational animal" as evidence. However; when looked at the etymology of the word "man", it is easily seen that the original meaning of "man" was "human being". If it was used to mean "human being" in the past, what is wrong with its usage in the present? In addition, "history" might seem as a compound word composed of "his" and "story" at first look, but it is wrong to claim that "history"…
In the case of men, it forces them to internalize and perform archetypical masculine qualities in all circumstances in order not to be considered ‘effeminate’. Thus, today’s crisis of masculinity allows us to redefine our understanding of the traits and qualities that we associate with man, male and…
Throughout this paper, I will try to prove this idea from the literature, the media and many other sources. I will try to highlight "the conventional or formulaic conceptions / images" of men and women in the minds of people. However, I am…