Aerobic Cellular Respiration Research Paper

Aerobic cellular respiration and oxygenic photosynthesis are two cellular processes that have evolved in similar ways. Cellular respiration is responsible for the process of ATP, meanwhile oxygenic photosynthesis is the process of turning light energy into food. It is evident that both of these processes have their own reactants, products, and biochemical pathways. Both of these processes have evolved from their primitive original state, but it is important to understand that oxygenic photosynthesis evolved before aerobic cellular respiration.

Aerobic respiration is the process of breaking down the “food” that enters a cell. This process uses oxygen to help process the cycle. The first step is the breakdown of glucose using glycolysis. While
During the first two steps, ATP are broken down and passed from one molecule to another, but once it reaches the end of this long chain, the electrons proceed to be combined with molecular and hydrogen ions. All of the unused energy released during the previous steps in stored in a way where the mitochondrion can use to make ATP from ADP. This is as a form of ATP synthesis known as, oxidative phosphorylation because it becomes empowered by the redox reaction that comes from the electron transport chain. Oxidative phosphorylation is accounted for 90% of the ATP generated by respiration. A smaller amount of ATP is a formed from the reactions of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by a feature known as substrate phosphorylation. During this version of ATP synthase, an enzyme transfers to a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP, unlike the way oxidative phosphorylation adds inorganic phosphate to
During this phase, CO2 gets attached with five-carbon sugar. The enzyme which becomes catalyzed is known as RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase, also known as rubisco. The product of this phase are two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG) which is formed from a split of an unstable six carbon intermediate. In the second stage each of the 3-phosphoglycerate receives an additional phosphate group from ATP. This is done so the 3-phosphoglycerate turns into six molecules of a chemical known as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). As the final stage approaches one of the G3P molecules leaves the Calvin cycle and is sent away to be used by the plant cell. As the G3P is exported from the makes six G3Ps as it travels through the cycle. One of these G3Ps is then exported while the remaining five G3P molecules remain in the cycle and are used to regenerate RuBP. This allows to the Calvin cycle to reuse the remaining G3P to restart the cycle, but 3 more molecules of ATP are needed. Once this is complete the cycle is ready to receive CO2, restarting this part of