Ac Apparatus Problems and Solutions
Quiz. Evaluate the following problems. Show your solution and encircle your final answer.
1. In a 25-kVA, 2000/200 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full load copper losses are 350 W and
400 W respectively. Calculate the efficiency at unity power factor on a) full load, b) half full-load.
2. If P1 and P2 be the iron and copper losses of the transformer on full load, find the ratio of p1 and P2 such tat maximum efficiency occurs at 75% full load.
3. A 5-kVA, 2300/230 V, 50 Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal excitation and copper losses at full-load and these were found to be 40 W and 112 W respectively. Calculate the efficiencies of the transformer at 0.8 p.f. for the following outputs: a) 1.25 kVA, b) 2.5kVa, c) 5 kVA
4. A 200-kVa transformer has an efficiency of 98% at full load. If the maximum efficiency occurs at three quarters of full load, calculate the efficiency at half load. Assume negligible magnetizing current and p.f. 0.8 at all loads.
5. A 25-kVA single transformer 2200/220 volts, has primary resistance of 0.1Ω and a secondary resistance of 0.01Ω. Find the equivalent secondary resistance and the full-load efficiency at 0.8 p.f. if the iron loss of the transformer is 80% of the full load copper loss.
6. Consider a 4-Kva 200/400 V single phase transformer supplying full load current at 0.8 lagging power factor. The open ckt. And short ckt test results are as follows:
O.C.: 200V
0.8A
70W
S. C.: 20V
10A
60W
7. A 10-kVA 5000/440 V, 25 Hz, single phase transformer has copper, eddy current and hysteresis losses of 1.5, 0.5 and 0.6 percent of output on full load. What will be the percentage losses if the transformer is used on a 10-kVA, 50 Hz system keeping the full load current constant? Assume unity power factor operation. Compare the full load efficiencies for the two cases.
8. A 10-kVa 500/250 V single phase transformer gave the following test results:
S.C.: 60V, 20A, 150W
The maximum efficiency
1. In a 25-kVA, 2000/200 V, single phase transformer, the iron and full load copper losses are 350 W and
400 W respectively. Calculate the efficiency at unity power factor on a) full load, b) half full-load.
2. If P1 and P2 be the iron and copper losses of the transformer on full load, find the ratio of p1 and P2 such tat maximum efficiency occurs at 75% full load.
3. A 5-kVA, 2300/230 V, 50 Hz transformer was tested for the iron losses with normal excitation and copper losses at full-load and these were found to be 40 W and 112 W respectively. Calculate the efficiencies of the transformer at 0.8 p.f. for the following outputs: a) 1.25 kVA, b) 2.5kVa, c) 5 kVA
4. A 200-kVa transformer has an efficiency of 98% at full load. If the maximum efficiency occurs at three quarters of full load, calculate the efficiency at half load. Assume negligible magnetizing current and p.f. 0.8 at all loads.
5. A 25-kVA single transformer 2200/220 volts, has primary resistance of 0.1Ω and a secondary resistance of 0.01Ω. Find the equivalent secondary resistance and the full-load efficiency at 0.8 p.f. if the iron loss of the transformer is 80% of the full load copper loss.
6. Consider a 4-Kva 200/400 V single phase transformer supplying full load current at 0.8 lagging power factor. The open ckt. And short ckt test results are as follows:
O.C.: 200V
0.8A
70W
S. C.: 20V
10A
60W
7. A 10-kVA 5000/440 V, 25 Hz, single phase transformer has copper, eddy current and hysteresis losses of 1.5, 0.5 and 0.6 percent of output on full load. What will be the percentage losses if the transformer is used on a 10-kVA, 50 Hz system keeping the full load current constant? Assume unity power factor operation. Compare the full load efficiencies for the two cases.
8. A 10-kVa 500/250 V single phase transformer gave the following test results:
S.C.: 60V, 20A, 150W
The maximum efficiency