Formerly known as Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS); ASD is an undefined and cluster of multiple symptoms: cognitive, communicative, and sensory. According to Morrison (2014), “Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with widely varying degrees and manifestations that has both genetic and environmental causes.” Symptoms of ASD can be seen in children as early as 6 months of age. However, not all children show signs early some children don’t show symptoms until 2 years of age. Many students due to the lack of knowledge and acceptance about ASD many children aren’t diagnoses or introduced to early interventions until they enter school, and even then some students may go under the raider because their high intellectual ability. Some symptoms that might be seen in students with ASD are: unable to play pretend games, avoid eye contact, trouble interrupting the feelings of others (including non-verbal communication), having trouble with delayed speech and language skills, over reacts to change is schedule or routine, obsessive interest, and answers questions with unrelated answers. In my experience these students lack peer communication, they often have no friends, and some prefer to play alone, peers or adults cannot comfort when they become upset. Individuals with ASD may suffer acutely from some symptoms and mildly from…
Autism is a developmental disorder, which is “diagnosed on the basis of early-emerging social and communication impairments, and rigid and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests.” The extent that these are displayed vary with age and ability, therefore an autistic spectrum was introduced to “recognise this diversity” (Frith et al., 2005, p.786). Some examples of the difficulties children with ASDs face are apparent aloofness, poor grasp of abstract concepts and feelings, as well as the difficulty to deviate from one way of doing things (Bowen et al., 2006, p.9). These examples alone exhibit why there is controversy regarding whether children with ASDs should be educated in mainstream or special schools.…
- Most children improve as they mature to adulthood, but social and communication difficulties may persist. The lack of demonstrated empathy is possibly the most dysfunctional aspect of Asperger syndrome. Individuals with AS experience difficulties in basic elements of social interaction. People with Asperger syndrome often display behavior, interests, and activities that are restricted and repetitive and are sometimes abnormally intense or focused. Although individuals with Asperger syndrome acquire language skills without significant general delay and their speech typically lacks significant abnormalities.…
This paper was reprinted with permission of Susan Moreno on the O.A.S.I.S. (Online Asperger's Syndrome Information and Support)…
Among these disorders is the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which consisting of a distinct group of complex neurodevelopment disorders. ASD usually goes undetected because of the limited social demands along with lack of support from parents and caregivers in early life (ninds.nih.gov). Within the group of complex neurodevelopment disorders, is Aspergers Syndrome, on the higher functioning spectrum of autism. Asperger characteristics contain social impairment, communication difficulties, and restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior. These characteristics typically remain undetected until the child has enough language and social skills to show that their focus is limited and may have unusual patterns of…
Commonly confused with Autism, Asperger’s Syndrome is a type of pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). These types of disorders (PDD) have delays is the development of basic skills such as, the ability to socialize, to communicate, and to use imagination. Children with Asperger’s typically have normal intelligence and language development, but these could change as they get older. This disorder was declared official in 1944 by an Austrian doctor, Hans Asperger.…
These range from language and motor skills to emotions and comfort skills. Not one person has all…
Asperger’s Syndrome is a neurological disorder in which the individual has normal intelligence and language development, but lack some social and communication skills. People with Asperger’s Syndrome dislike change and have obsessive routines that they must follow. They have overly acute senses and observe the world differently than others. However, people with Asperger’s syndrome have a normal IQ and in some cases are very talented in a certain area. Treatment for Asperger’s syndrome is mostly to improve communication and social skills. There is no single treatment for all kids with Asperger’s syndrome, but most of them target the child’s communication skills, obsessive routines and physical lack of coordination. Treatment can include training…
Teaching autistic children in mainstream educational settings is sometimes very difficult, as they will find it difficult to cooperate and relate to their classmates in group activities. Autistic children find it notoriously difficult to understand facial expressions and predict the consequences of actions that are new to them.…
young child with ASD may show social difficulties through by avoiding eye contact or playing alone.…
Those with Asperger’s syndrome usually have one stereotypical interest or show strange interest in inanimate objects or activities outside of their age group. People who have Asperger’s may find changes in a simple thing upsetting and may show signs of OCD, do random acts repetitively, or have an extreme interest in a monotonous motion. Asperger’s syndrome victims may not have the skills they need to create relationships or how to socialize (Carpenter). Although those with Asperger’s do not have appropriate social skills, most of them do quite well with schoolwork and with their futures academically (“Understanding Autism-The Basics”). Pervasive developmental disorder, another type of autism, applies to delays in social skills. Victims of pervasive developmental disorder (known as PDD-NOS) may have problems with language, relation to the outside world, or changes in routine. PDD-NOS children differ in intelligence and attitude, as some may not make a sound at all and others have normal intellect (“NINDS Pervasive Developmental Disorders Information Page”). Those with autistic disorder, the final type of autism, mostly have problems with life skills, such as communicating with others effectively. People with autistic disorder may not have interests in other human beings, not look people in the eyes or want physical contact with another person (“Facts about ASD”). They may repeat phrases, sounds or…
This case is of an 8-year-old boy, Steven. Steven has been diagnosed by a Pediatrician as having an Autistic Spectrum Disorder because of the severity of his needs in terms of communication and reciprocal social interaction. Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that is very complex and involves a broad different and separate physical and mental disorders. Autistic children are in the private world of their own. It is common beliefs that performance of individuals with autism was inferior when compared to that of normal children. Autism is a psychiatric disorder and it is characterised by : (a) gross social deficits , such as, difficulties in forming and maintaining social relationships and deficits in reciprocating social interaction; (b) a striking impairment in both verbal and nonverbal communication; (c) the presence of repetitive behaviour (O'Riordan, 2001). It is believed to be caused by biological factors due to: neurological symptoms, mental handicap, genetic causes, infections, and also difficulties in pregnancy. The diagnosis generally requires a team of professionals because of the many unique characteristics and behaviors of the autistic child. However, the psychiatrist and the psychologist are mainly responsible for the diagnosis and the psychological evaluations involved.…
Compared to the 1980`s in which 1 in every 10,000 children was diagnosed with (ASD), today 1 in every 68 children is recognized as having ASD, according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (“Facts about Autism”). ASD is a developmental impairment in which the effected often have difficulty socializing and communicating with others. The disorder which is thought to be caused by a gene mutation can provoke a spectrum of symptoms ranging from lack of empathy and difficulty speaking to repetitive and eerie actions such as flailing one`s arms. As the symptoms may seem like normal, childlike behavior, autism is difficult to detect until the age of two since autism is diagnosed through behavior and social development (Filipek, et. al). After diagnosis, the individual is able to take medication to help minimize the symptoms, but ASD is a life-long ailment as there is no…
Asperger’s syndrome is a lifelong condition, Children, Teens, and Adults that have Asperger’s , within the first year, kids with Asperger’s have trouble gaining their true potential, as early warning signs are exceptional, teenagers with Asperger’s will want friends but may feel shy and intimidated, these teenagers might find it frustrating and emotionally draining to try and fit in. Lastly, many people with Asperger’s can get married and have children but are not good with social interaction.…
In this article, Asperger syndrome is defined as “a pervasive disorder…characterized by deficits in social interaction and display of repetitive behavior.” Asperger syndrome was added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders in 1994 and is included as part of autism spectrum disorder, though children that have Asperger syndrome do not display the language or cognitive delays that are seen in children with autism spectrum disorder. Children may be referred for evaluation if an adult observes “unusual nonverbal behaviors, atypical speech patterns, and poor social skills.” Commonly seen nonverbal behaviors are poor eye contact and an inability to read an interpret body language and facial expressions. It is important for…