MENOPAUSE
Menopause is the permanent ending of ovarian function. When all of the ova are used up and secretion of estrogen from the ovaries lessens, menopause begins. Menopause signals the gradual ending of the menstrual cycle and the end of the fertile phase of a woman's life. There are two stages of menopause, perimenopause, and post-menopause. Perimenopause is a word used to describe the years leading up to the last period. During perimenopause, the ovarian production of the estrogens and progesterone becomes more irregular, often with wide and unpredictable fluctuations in levels. When estrogen levels fall, the most common signs and symptoms are hot flashes (temperature regulation in the brain is disturbed), insomnia, and vaginal atrophy (lining in the …show more content…
Many effects that are caused by the extreme fluctuations in hormone levels, for example hot flashes and mood changes, usually disappear or improve significantly once the perimenopause transition is completely over. All the various possible perimenopause effects are caused by an overall drop, as well as dramatic but erratic fluctuations, in the levels of estrogens and progesterone. During this period, fertility diminishes, but is not considered to reach zero until the official date of menopause. Signs and effects of the menopause transition can begin as early as age 35, although most women become aware of the transition in their mid to late 40s, often many years after the actual beginning of the