An awareness of personal factors that have an impact (consciously or unconsciously) on patient care is an important component of cultural competency for nurses. Becoming aware of individual attitudes, beliefs, biases, and behaviors that may influence patient care can help nurses improve access to care and quality of care and, ultimately, improve health outcomes for their patients.
Changing demographics have created new challenges for the provision of care and have positioned cultural competency as a national health concern. As nurses continue caring for an ever-changing racially and ethnically diverse population, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of some of the trends in the U.S. population.
Concordance is the process of matching patient-provider racial, ethnic, and/or language characteristics. The underlying assumption is that sharing these characteristics leads to a higher degree of comfort, communication, and empathy in clinical encounters. The area of patient-provider racial, ethnic, and language concordance has been receiving attention as it relates to the lack of diversity in the health care workforce.
As the recent research shows, there is an underrepresentation of minorities in the health care workforce. The registered nurse population remains far less diverse than the general population, which is one potential reason for health disparities (Martinez & Martinez, 2005).
By improving communication skills, language skills, and awareness of bias and stereotyping, you have the opportunity to overcome the barriers caused by a lack of concordance and provide quality care to diverse patient populations.
In addition, the American Nurses Association (ANA) issued a position statement on cultural diversity in nursing practice:
"Nurses need to understand how cultural groups understand