0132968681 Inppt06
6-1
Essentials of
Organizational Behavior
12e
Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge
Chapter 6
Perception and Individual
Decision Making
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
1. Define perception, and explain the factors that influence it.
2. Identify the shortcuts individuals use in making judgments about others.
3. Explain the link between perception and decision making.
4. List and explain the common decision biases or errors.
5. Contrast the three ethical decision criteria.
6. Define creativity, and discuss the threecomponent model of creativity.
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
6-2
Perception
Perception: A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important
6-3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Factors Influencing
Perception
6-4
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Person Perception:
Attribution Theory
Attribution Theory: Suggests that perceivers try to “attribute” the observed behavior to a type of cause:
Internal – behavior is believed to be under the personal control of the individual External – the person is forced into the behavior by outside events/causes
6-5
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Determinants of
Attribution
Distinctiveness – whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situations (the uniqueness of the act)
Consensus – does everyone who faces a similar situation respond in the same way as the individual did
Consistency – does the person respond the same way over time
6-6
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Determination of
Attribution
6-7
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Attribution Errors
Fundamental attribution error:
Tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate that of internal factors
Self-Serving Bias: Occurs
Essentials of
Organizational Behavior
12e
Stephen P. Robbins & Timothy A. Judge
Chapter 6
Perception and Individual
Decision Making
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
1. Define perception, and explain the factors that influence it.
2. Identify the shortcuts individuals use in making judgments about others.
3. Explain the link between perception and decision making.
4. List and explain the common decision biases or errors.
5. Contrast the three ethical decision criteria.
6. Define creativity, and discuss the threecomponent model of creativity.
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
6-2
Perception
Perception: A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important
6-3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Factors Influencing
Perception
6-4
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Person Perception:
Attribution Theory
Attribution Theory: Suggests that perceivers try to “attribute” the observed behavior to a type of cause:
Internal – behavior is believed to be under the personal control of the individual External – the person is forced into the behavior by outside events/causes
6-5
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Determinants of
Attribution
Distinctiveness – whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situations (the uniqueness of the act)
Consensus – does everyone who faces a similar situation respond in the same way as the individual did
Consistency – does the person respond the same way over time
6-6
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Determination of
Attribution
6-7
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Attribution Errors
Fundamental attribution error:
Tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate that of internal factors
Self-Serving Bias: Occurs