Theories of Personality - Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory

FREUD’S MODELS OF THE MIND
 1st was developed in his neurological days in the 1890s. neurological model of the mind that was quickly discarded.
 Freud was very flexible and liberal.
 Active theorists. Developed theories and modified them accordingly
1. TOPOGRAPHIC MODEL (SPATIAL MODEL)
 Outlined the landscape of the psych.
 Suggested there were three regions/systems to the mind
 Unconscious
 Under water
 Preconscious
 Closer to the water lines.
 Some mental elements can be made conscious cause they are closer to the conscious
 Eg. Childhood room: Childhood drawing, favourite toy. You hold that in your arm, you would start to remember stuff about your bedroom.
 Experience are preconscious of mental activity that can come into consciousness.
 Conscious
 Can identify the mental realm of activity
 Said the mind was very much like an iceberg
 Developed in 1900s.
 Called the spatial model just like how there is a spatial relationship between the zones and regions of the iceberg.
 Freud had another model too to describe this relationship
 The room metaphor: big room as unconscious. Entrance is the conscious and the way to the door is preconscious
 Repression: we forget something and then we forget that we have forgotten.
 1923: Freud developed the TRIPARTITE MODEL (STRUCTURAL MODEL)
 Changed name because he identified three psychic agency
 Id
 Similar to the unconscious realm in the spatial model
 The horse
 Id expresses everything.
 Eg. Two month old infants just act. They don’t think that they are crying at 4am morning and is annoying.
 Ego
 Conscious zone of exterior stuff
 The rider of the horse
 If something happened in the anal stage (developing toilet training), it creates a gratification for stuff that didn’t happen in the past stages.
 Normal memory doesn’t recall stuff from ages 5 or 6 but Ley’s patient remembers it all. (toilet trained from his grandmother. Tied to the washroom)
 Superego
 The person at the stable telling the rider to be careful
 Superego develops as the child develops as the socialization occurs
 Parents teach children to behave.
 the most 12-18 months: most aggressive behavior,

4 STAGES
 ORAL
 Babies experience a lot of things through their mouth
 ANAL
 PHALLIC (OEDIPAL CRISIS)
 Ages 2-4 or 5
 Children become aware of their genital differences between boys and girls
 A boy becomes aware of any absences of genitals from a girl.
 Greek Myth OEDIPUS
 King Laius (Thebes/Athens). His wife (Jocasta) was pregnant.
 Laius believed that Gods can influence their life experiences
 Asked Oracle @ Delphi
 Shepherd finds the baby and takes care of him with his wife
 Oedipus means Swollen foot
 Oedipus asked Oracle @ Delphi and said he’s gonna kills his parents so he leaves. Meets travelers and they got into an argument. He kills the other travelers who happens to be the king, his father.
 Continues on his journey and meets Jocasta and they fell in love
 Learns the truth about his birth and goes far away and stabs his eyeballs out and gets eaten by seagulls = =

 GENITAL (LATENCY)

DREAM INTERPERTATIONS
 Realizes that dreams are meaningful
 Said that dreams suggests wishes and that dreams are gratifications and wish fulfillments
 When we are asleep, the ego is relaxed as well so our dreams are more likely to mean primary process: bizzare
 Secondary process: more rational, logical, realistic
 Dreams are disstoritic and can bean symbolized in certain ways
 Manifest content: what you see and recall in the dream
 Latent content: underlying meaning and suggestion of the dream
 Condensation: aware of dreams. Way in which different people and different situations can be condensed into a single dream.
 Displacement: involves displacing or changing of history of experiences into other kinds of situations and times.
 Eg. Features a dream of you in elementary school. But the teacher is your father, and your peer is your mother, at your age.
 Overdetermination: a single dream element or content can have many different factors and influences combined into a single dream. As a result, there are no singular interpretations. Sometimes people have corrupted interpretation.
 Eg. You have dreams about flying it means you are tired. (can mean a lot of things, and corrupted)
 Visual representation:

CARL JUNG
 1870s
 Was surrounded by highly educated people.
 Detached from his mother. Did not have a positive relationship with his mother. Probably had a mental illness and bipolar.
 Close to his father and grandfather.
 Fluent in many languages like most Swiss people. German Italian and French. Learned Latin at age 6.
 Was intelligent but did not want to show that in school.
 At age 12, his family moved from rural area to the city.
 Was socially isolated.
 Was a large child. Bigger than average kid.
 Far ahead than his peers.
 Had psychosymatic illnesses: fake being sick so he doesn’t have to go to school
 Went to Burgholzi, Zurich Hospital
 Bleuler was an expert in schizophrenia and psychosis. Went to that hospital.
 Jung became an expert in schizophrenia.
 COMPLEX
 Mother complex: having a lot of stuff in mind related to your mother
 Preferred ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY instead of COMPLEX PSYCHOLOGY
 Core experience that ahs a strong emotional aspect to it. Starts to have an organizing element to it.
 Experiences that dominants and individual’s life
 WORD ASSOCIATION: say words right way and what would you associate it with? Eg. Death, angry, abuse, ridicule, stupid, happy etc.
 Hypothesized that there was two types of unconscious
1. Personal unconscious: same as Freud’s unconscious
2. Collective unconscious: collective experiences that was common to people to a particular race or ethnic group.
 Libido (Freud’s term), Horme (Jung’s term)
 Horme: Creative life force, a source of energy that drove development.
 PRINCIPLE OF EQUIVALENCE
 Dynamic aspects to the psyche. A change or shift of orientation of the psychic apparatus.
 Jung conscious realm of experience = ego
 Direct experiences to you (sensory experiences)
 Experiences consciousness by directing experience to you
 Important to our role of identity (who are you?)
 PERSONAL UNCONSCIOUS= shadow, self and potential self
 Forgotten expereicens that we have (childhood friend that you no longer associate with, etc)
 Mental experiences
 Persona: goals that we occupy
 Repressed content is in the personal unconscious
 SYNCHRONICITY
 Eg. Dream about your maternal aunt, haven’t talked to her for months, next day she calls you.
 Jung thinks unconscious can fortell events.
 COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS
 Dreams working their way up to personal unconscious. Theorized that each person in each races will have different experiences that relate to social and cultural roles in each family.
 Eg. Archetypes for roles of family: mother, father, hero, evil, jokester,