Single Phase Transformer
Transformer
BEE2123 ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Mohd Rusllim Bin Mohamed Ext: 2080 A1-E10-C09 rusllim@ump.edu.my
© MRM 05
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lecture, student should to:
Understand the principle and the nature of static machines of transformer. Perform an analysis on transformers which their principles are basic to the understanding of electrical machines.
© MRM 05
Introduction
A transformer is a static machines. The word „transformer‟ comes form the word „transform‟. Transformer is not an energy conversion device, but is a device that changes AC electrical power at one voltage level into AC electrical power at another voltage level through the action of magnetic field, without a change in frequency. It can be either to step-up or step down.
Transmission System
TX1 TX1
Generation Station
33/13.5kV 13.5/6.6kV
Distributions
TX1
TX1
© MRM 05
6.6kV/415V Consumer
Transformer Construction
Two types of iron-core construction:
a) b)
Core - type construction Shell - type construction
Core - type construction
© MRM 05
Transformer Construction
Shell - type construction
© MRM 05
Ideal Transformer
An ideal transformer is a transformer which has no loses,
i.e. it‟s winding has no ohmic resistance, no magnetic leakage, and therefore no I2 R and core loses. However, it is impossible to realize such a transformer in practice. Yet, the approximate characteristic of ideal transformer will be used in characterized the practical transformer.
N1 : N2 I1 V1 E1 E2 I2 V2
V1 – Primary Voltage V2 – Secondary Voltage E1 – Primary induced Voltage E2 – secondary induced Voltage N1:N2 – Transformer ratio
© MRM 05
Transformer Equation
Faraday‟s Law states that, If the flux passes through a coil of wire, a voltage will be induced in the turns of wire. This voltage is directly proportional to the rate of change in the flux with respect of time.
Vind Emf ind
BEE2123 ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Mohd Rusllim Bin Mohamed Ext: 2080 A1-E10-C09 rusllim@ump.edu.my
© MRM 05
Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lecture, student should to:
Understand the principle and the nature of static machines of transformer. Perform an analysis on transformers which their principles are basic to the understanding of electrical machines.
© MRM 05
Introduction
A transformer is a static machines. The word „transformer‟ comes form the word „transform‟. Transformer is not an energy conversion device, but is a device that changes AC electrical power at one voltage level into AC electrical power at another voltage level through the action of magnetic field, without a change in frequency. It can be either to step-up or step down.
Transmission System
TX1 TX1
Generation Station
33/13.5kV 13.5/6.6kV
Distributions
TX1
TX1
© MRM 05
6.6kV/415V Consumer
Transformer Construction
Two types of iron-core construction:
a) b)
Core - type construction Shell - type construction
Core - type construction
© MRM 05
Transformer Construction
Shell - type construction
© MRM 05
Ideal Transformer
An ideal transformer is a transformer which has no loses,
i.e. it‟s winding has no ohmic resistance, no magnetic leakage, and therefore no I2 R and core loses. However, it is impossible to realize such a transformer in practice. Yet, the approximate characteristic of ideal transformer will be used in characterized the practical transformer.
N1 : N2 I1 V1 E1 E2 I2 V2
V1 – Primary Voltage V2 – Secondary Voltage E1 – Primary induced Voltage E2 – secondary induced Voltage N1:N2 – Transformer ratio
© MRM 05
Transformer Equation
Faraday‟s Law states that, If the flux passes through a coil of wire, a voltage will be induced in the turns of wire. This voltage is directly proportional to the rate of change in the flux with respect of time.
Vind Emf ind