Notes on Similarities and Differences between Europeans and Amerindians
AP U.S. History: Unit 1.1 HistorySage.com
CONTACT: Europeans & Amerindians
I. Overview—big ideas By 1600 Europeans had created the world’s first truly global economy. Meanwhile, the "age of discovery" resulted in the greatest human catastrophe the world has ever known: 90% of Amerindians died by 1600; slavery of tens of millions of Africans. Cultural differences between European and Amerindians were so immense that major conflict occurred in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. Summary of relations between the three major colonial powers in America and the Amerindians Spain sought to Christianize and control the Indians (through the encomienda and mission systems) The French sought to establish strong trade relations with the Amerindians; Jesuits sought to convert them. English settlers often sought to either move Indians westward or annihilate them Use space below for notes
II. Native Americans (Amerindians) A. Population: approximately 100 million c. 1500 (high estimate); probably more like 50-70 million B. Arrived more than 40,000 years ago via Bering Strait (called Beringia when it was above land) and eventually spread to tip of South America (by 8,000 BCE) 1. First immigrants hunted animals for meat and furs; probably built small fishing vessels. 2. Beringia became isolated when Bering Strait under water c. 10,000 years ago C. New research in origins of Amerindians. 1. Old Crow site in Yukon may be 50,000 years old. 2. French team in northeastern Brazil working on site that might be 48,000 years old. 3. 1992, new archeological research suggests oldest inhabitants may have come from south Asia or even Europe before northern Asians as previously thought. 4. No evidence exists that humans lived in eastern Siberia (Russia) 30,000 years ago (only 12,000 years ago).
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HistorySage.com APUSH Lecture Notes Unit 1.1 Contact
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D. By 8,000 BCE, Amerindians reached tip of South America. 1.
CONTACT: Europeans & Amerindians
I. Overview—big ideas By 1600 Europeans had created the world’s first truly global economy. Meanwhile, the "age of discovery" resulted in the greatest human catastrophe the world has ever known: 90% of Amerindians died by 1600; slavery of tens of millions of Africans. Cultural differences between European and Amerindians were so immense that major conflict occurred in the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries. Summary of relations between the three major colonial powers in America and the Amerindians Spain sought to Christianize and control the Indians (through the encomienda and mission systems) The French sought to establish strong trade relations with the Amerindians; Jesuits sought to convert them. English settlers often sought to either move Indians westward or annihilate them Use space below for notes
II. Native Americans (Amerindians) A. Population: approximately 100 million c. 1500 (high estimate); probably more like 50-70 million B. Arrived more than 40,000 years ago via Bering Strait (called Beringia when it was above land) and eventually spread to tip of South America (by 8,000 BCE) 1. First immigrants hunted animals for meat and furs; probably built small fishing vessels. 2. Beringia became isolated when Bering Strait under water c. 10,000 years ago C. New research in origins of Amerindians. 1. Old Crow site in Yukon may be 50,000 years old. 2. French team in northeastern Brazil working on site that might be 48,000 years old. 3. 1992, new archeological research suggests oldest inhabitants may have come from south Asia or even Europe before northern Asians as previously thought. 4. No evidence exists that humans lived in eastern Siberia (Russia) 30,000 years ago (only 12,000 years ago).
© HistorySage.com 2011 All Rights Reserved
HistorySage.com APUSH Lecture Notes Unit 1.1 Contact
Page 2
D. By 8,000 BCE, Amerindians reached tip of South America. 1.
Bibliography: College Board, Advanced Placement Course Description: History -- United States, College Entrance Examination Board, published annually Foner, Eric & Garraty, John A., editors: The Reader’s Companion to American History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1991 Jones, Jacqueline et al, Created Equal: A social and Political History of the United States, AP Edition, 2nd ed., New York: Pearson Longman, 2006 Josephy, Jr., Alvin M., 500 Nations: An Illustrated History of North American Indians, Alfred A Knopf, New York, 1994 Kennedy, David M., Cohen, Lizabeth, Bailey, Thomas A., The American Pageant (AP Edition), 13th edition, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006 Henretta, James A. et al, America’s History, Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2000 Loewen, James W., Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong, New York: The New Press, 1995 Murrin, John et al, Liberty, Equality, and Power: A History of the American People, 2nd ed., Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace 1999 Nash, Gary: American Odyssey, Lake Forest, Illinois: Glencoe, 1992 Waldman, Carl, Atlas of the North American Indian, New York: Facts on File, 1985 Zinn, Howard, A People’s History of the United States, 1980 © HistorySage.com 2011 All Rights Reserved