Neural Tissue
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue - An Introduction to the Nervous System
Learning Outcomes
12-1 Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system.
12-2 Sketch and label the structure of a typical neuron, describe the functions of each component, and classify neurons on the basis of their structure and function.
12-3 Describe the locations and functions of the various types of neuroglia.
12-4 Explain how the resting potential is created and maintained.
12-5 Describe the events involved in the generation and propagation of an action potential.
12-6 Discuss the factors that affect the speed with which action potentials are propagated.
12-7 Describe the structure of a synapse, and explain the mechanism involved in synaptic activity.
12-8 Describe the major types of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, and discuss their effects on postsynaptic membranes.
12-9 Discuss the interactions that enable information processing to occur in neural tissue.
The Nervous System
Includes all neural tissue in the body
Neural tissue contains two kinds of cells
Neurons
Cells that send and receive signals
Neuroglia (glial cells)
Cells that support and protect neurons
Organs of the Nervous System
Brain and spinal cord
Sensory receptors of sense organs (eyes, ears, etc.)
Nerves connect nervous system with other systems
12-1 Divisions of the Nervous System
Anatomical Divisions of the Nervous System
Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The Central Nervous System (CNS)
Consists of the spinal cord and brain
Contains neural tissue, connective tissues, and blood vessels
Functions of the CNS are to process and coordinate:
Sensory data from inside and outside body
Motor commands control activities of peripheral organs (e.g., skeletal muscles)
Higher functions of brain intelligence, memory, learning, emotion
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Includes all neural tissue outside the CNS
Functions of the
Learning Outcomes
12-1 Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system.
12-2 Sketch and label the structure of a typical neuron, describe the functions of each component, and classify neurons on the basis of their structure and function.
12-3 Describe the locations and functions of the various types of neuroglia.
12-4 Explain how the resting potential is created and maintained.
12-5 Describe the events involved in the generation and propagation of an action potential.
12-6 Discuss the factors that affect the speed with which action potentials are propagated.
12-7 Describe the structure of a synapse, and explain the mechanism involved in synaptic activity.
12-8 Describe the major types of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, and discuss their effects on postsynaptic membranes.
12-9 Discuss the interactions that enable information processing to occur in neural tissue.
The Nervous System
Includes all neural tissue in the body
Neural tissue contains two kinds of cells
Neurons
Cells that send and receive signals
Neuroglia (glial cells)
Cells that support and protect neurons
Organs of the Nervous System
Brain and spinal cord
Sensory receptors of sense organs (eyes, ears, etc.)
Nerves connect nervous system with other systems
12-1 Divisions of the Nervous System
Anatomical Divisions of the Nervous System
Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The Central Nervous System (CNS)
Consists of the spinal cord and brain
Contains neural tissue, connective tissues, and blood vessels
Functions of the CNS are to process and coordinate:
Sensory data from inside and outside body
Motor commands control activities of peripheral organs (e.g., skeletal muscles)
Higher functions of brain intelligence, memory, learning, emotion
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Includes all neural tissue outside the CNS
Functions of the