Jefferson vs. Hamilton

George Washington
 Foreign Policy
1793 - Neutrality Proclamation
1794 - Jay’s Treaty
 The British promises to get out of U.S. in Northwest
 U.S. promises to pay back loyalists
 No promises in the West Indies
Reaction:
 Anger from the Jeffersonians
 Fear from the Spanish
1795 - Pinckey’s Treaty
 Gives us access to the Mississippi River
George Washington
• Farewell Address
 Avoid long-term permanent alliances
 Be aware of political parties
 Leaves and goes back home
 Dies in 1799
Election of 1796
• John Adams - federalist
• Thomas Jefferson - democratic republican
• John Adams wins the Presidency and takes the Oath to Office in March
Hamilton runs a group called “The High Federalists” (war like federalists)
The XYZ Affair:
 John Adams sends John Marshall to meet the French Foreign Minister - Maurice Talleyrand
 Maurice Talleyrand sends 3 marshals to meet with them. The marshals try to make them give them a quarter million to see him.
 John Marshall says no way and turns around
 John Adams says “Million for defense, but not a cent for tribute”
 This is the creation of the Navy and it brings back the Marines.
 They name the 3 marshals X, Y, and Z. This is the creation of the XYZ Affair.
 Undeclared War with France 1798 - 1800
 During this time period France seizes our vessels. We wait and build up strength.
Convention of 1800
Jefferson’s Foreign Policy
 British - harasses American shipping and conducts impressment of American sailors
 French - harasses American shipping
 In 1806
• British have orders and council
 If any country trades with the French or is in French ports then their vessels will be seized
• French put forth the Milan Decree
 any country that trades with the British or is in British ports then their vessels will be seized
 1807 - Embargo Act
 Even though New England dislikes the embargo act the most, the whole country suffers under the embargo act
 1809 - Non-Intercourse Act
 Changes the embargo act to where it only applys with the british and the French.
 1810 - Macon’s Bill #2
Americans told Britain and French, each that they would trade with them and not with the other if they stop harassing the shipping and imprisonment of sailors in attempt to get trade back.
Napoleon lifted the restrictions opening trade with France
12th Congress - takes office in 1811
 Two important members of the 12th Congress
 Henry Clay - from Kentucky (the west)
 John Calhoun - from South Carolina (the south)
(They are both war hogs (young hot heads))
June 1, 1812
James Madison asks for a declaration of war
 Voting
 In the Senate Pro was 19 and Anti was 13
 In the House Pro was 79 and Anti was 49
The war of 1812 will end the Federalist Party
Jefferson
 The informed public and educated should govern
 Believed in States rights
 Supported France
 Strict Construction
 Weaker Military, supports Navy
 Democratic Republicans

Hamilton
 Wealthy and elite should govern
 Believed in a strong central government
 Supported the British
 Loose Construction
 Strong Military
 Federalists
Jefferson’s Inaugural Address
“We are all federalists, we are all republicans”
 Sets tone for his first term
 Replaces very few federalists in gout. positions
Louisiana Purchase - (his biggest accomplishment 1st term)
 Louisiana territory doubles the United States
 13 states in the Louisiana Purchase
 His biggest struggle is his beliefs of strict construction
 He sent Louis and Clark to Look
Keeps most of the federalists’ economic policies - he only gets rid of the excise tax (what caused the whiskey rebellion)

Albert Gallatin - Secretary of Treasure
 Reduces the debt in trying to balance the budget
Jefferson saves a lot of money by reducing the size and funding for the military