Human Anatomy Unit 1 Review Sheet
Human Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 1 Review
Anatomy: the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another
Gross Anatomy: study of large, easily observable body structures
Microscopic Anatomy: use of microscope or magnifying instrument to study smaller structures such as cells and tissues of the body
Physiology: the study of how the body and its parts work or function (Physio-nature, ology- the study of)
Levels of Structural Organization
1) Atoms
2) Molecules
3) Cells
4) Tissues
5) Organs
6) Organ systems
7) Organism
Organ System Review
1. Integumentary System- skin, hair, nails
Cushions and protects deeper tissues from injury
Helps regulate body temperature
2. Skeletal System- bones, cartilage, ligaments, joints
Supports body and allows for movement
Protective function
3. Muscular System- muscles
Skeletal muscles contract to allow movement
4. Nervous System- brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors
Fast acting control system of the body
Allows responses to external and internal stimuli
5. Endocrine System- glands and hormones
Slow acting chemical control of body activities
Acts more slowly than nervous system
Glands produce hormones and release them into blood
6. Circulatory System- cardiovascular and lymphatic
Transport and delivery system
Cardiovascular organs: heart and blood vessels
Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and wastes to and from body cells
Lymphatic system organs: lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen and tonsils
Fluid leaked from blood is returned back to the blood vessels
Nodes help to cleanse blood and house immune cells
7. Respiratory System-
Supplies body with oxygen and removes CO2
Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, air sacs (site of gas exchange)
8. Digestive System
Tube running through the body from the mouth to the anus
Organs include: mouth, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach,
Anatomy: the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationships to one another
Gross Anatomy: study of large, easily observable body structures
Microscopic Anatomy: use of microscope or magnifying instrument to study smaller structures such as cells and tissues of the body
Physiology: the study of how the body and its parts work or function (Physio-nature, ology- the study of)
Levels of Structural Organization
1) Atoms
2) Molecules
3) Cells
4) Tissues
5) Organs
6) Organ systems
7) Organism
Organ System Review
1. Integumentary System- skin, hair, nails
Cushions and protects deeper tissues from injury
Helps regulate body temperature
2. Skeletal System- bones, cartilage, ligaments, joints
Supports body and allows for movement
Protective function
3. Muscular System- muscles
Skeletal muscles contract to allow movement
4. Nervous System- brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors
Fast acting control system of the body
Allows responses to external and internal stimuli
5. Endocrine System- glands and hormones
Slow acting chemical control of body activities
Acts more slowly than nervous system
Glands produce hormones and release them into blood
6. Circulatory System- cardiovascular and lymphatic
Transport and delivery system
Cardiovascular organs: heart and blood vessels
Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones and wastes to and from body cells
Lymphatic system organs: lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen and tonsils
Fluid leaked from blood is returned back to the blood vessels
Nodes help to cleanse blood and house immune cells
7. Respiratory System-
Supplies body with oxygen and removes CO2
Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, air sacs (site of gas exchange)
8. Digestive System
Tube running through the body from the mouth to the anus
Organs include: mouth, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach,