essenetial elements of ps
THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING
1. Speaker – presents a relatively continuous message to a relatively large audience in a unique context. You are in a learning environment where you’re expected to make mistakes as well as to profit from feedback from others ( and to give constructive feedback to others)
2. Audience – it is relatively large.
Immediate Audience – they hear the speaker as it is speaking, whether in person, over the internet or even via cellphone
Remote audience – they get the material secondhand, (ex. They read the speech, hear from those who heard the speech) 3. Message – It includes both verbal and nonverbal signals. Your message should have a purpose. 4 . Noise – it is anything that distorts message and prevents the listeners from receiving the message as you intended it to be received.
*Signal – refers to information that is useful to you; information that you want
a. Physical – others talking loudly, cars honking,
b. Physiological – hearing or visual impairment, articulation disorders
c. Psychological – preconceived ideas, wandering thoughts
d. Semantic – misunderstood meaning
5. Context
a. Physical Context - actual place in which you give your speech
b. Sociopsychological Context – the relationship between speaker and audience (supervisor-workers, worker to supervisors) Includes the audience’s attitudes toward and knowledge of you and your subject (supportive audience, hostile audience)
c. Temporal Context – Includes factors such as the time of day and more importantly where your speech fits into the sequence of events. (follow another presentation?)
d. Cultural Context – It has to do with the beliefs, lifestyles, values, and behaviors that the speaker and the audience bring with them and that bear on the topic and purpose of the speech.
6. Channel – It is the medium that carries message signals from sender to receiver.
1. Speaker – presents a relatively continuous message to a relatively large audience in a unique context. You are in a learning environment where you’re expected to make mistakes as well as to profit from feedback from others ( and to give constructive feedback to others)
2. Audience – it is relatively large.
Immediate Audience – they hear the speaker as it is speaking, whether in person, over the internet or even via cellphone
Remote audience – they get the material secondhand, (ex. They read the speech, hear from those who heard the speech) 3. Message – It includes both verbal and nonverbal signals. Your message should have a purpose. 4 . Noise – it is anything that distorts message and prevents the listeners from receiving the message as you intended it to be received.
*Signal – refers to information that is useful to you; information that you want
a. Physical – others talking loudly, cars honking,
b. Physiological – hearing or visual impairment, articulation disorders
c. Psychological – preconceived ideas, wandering thoughts
d. Semantic – misunderstood meaning
5. Context
a. Physical Context - actual place in which you give your speech
b. Sociopsychological Context – the relationship between speaker and audience (supervisor-workers, worker to supervisors) Includes the audience’s attitudes toward and knowledge of you and your subject (supportive audience, hostile audience)
c. Temporal Context – Includes factors such as the time of day and more importantly where your speech fits into the sequence of events. (follow another presentation?)
d. Cultural Context – It has to do with the beliefs, lifestyles, values, and behaviors that the speaker and the audience bring with them and that bear on the topic and purpose of the speech.
6. Channel – It is the medium that carries message signals from sender to receiver.