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Morgan's Metaphors :
Gareth Morgan (1986) suggests that metaphors may be useful in the ways we look at organizations.
- Please explain what Morgan means by metaphors , using examples, which can give "images of organization".
- How are metaphors helpful in the way we analyses organizations?
( Page 12) Morgan's intention is not to categories different types of businesses , but to offer different ways of looking at them .
( images of organization ) offered by the following eight metaphors :
1 . A machine
2. An organism
3. A brain
4. A culture
5. A political system
6. As psychic prison
7. As flux and transformation
8. A vehicle
…………………………………………………………………………………
STEEP :
The STEEP model can be helpful in the way we analyse the environment in which businesses operate.
- Please explain the principles of the STEEP model and the benefits of using the model in helping us to analyses a business's environment?
( Page 16 )
1. Sociological factors : include demographic changes in the age and structure of populations, patterns of works, gender roles, patterns of consumption and the ways in which the culture of a population or country changes and develops .
2. Technological factors : information and communications technology (ICT) :
- ICT is Lowering the barriers of time and place
- ICT creates new industries
- Many individual jobs and internal service function , on ICT systems
3. Economic factors : include the rate of economic growth, interest rates , inflation , energy prices , exchange rates and levels of employment .
4. Environmental factors : impact of businesses on the natural environment , businesses need to consider a number of environmental factors :
- Legislation
- Information
- Employees
- Shareholders
- Pressure groups
- Customers
5. Political factors :
- Legislation
- Trading relationships
- Government
- The level and nature of public services
- Levels of taxation
…………………………………………………………………….
SWOT Analysis
A SWOT analysis can
Gareth Morgan (1986) suggests that metaphors may be useful in the ways we look at organizations.
- Please explain what Morgan means by metaphors , using examples, which can give "images of organization".
- How are metaphors helpful in the way we analyses organizations?
( Page 12) Morgan's intention is not to categories different types of businesses , but to offer different ways of looking at them .
( images of organization ) offered by the following eight metaphors :
1 . A machine
2. An organism
3. A brain
4. A culture
5. A political system
6. As psychic prison
7. As flux and transformation
8. A vehicle
…………………………………………………………………………………
STEEP :
The STEEP model can be helpful in the way we analyse the environment in which businesses operate.
- Please explain the principles of the STEEP model and the benefits of using the model in helping us to analyses a business's environment?
( Page 16 )
1. Sociological factors : include demographic changes in the age and structure of populations, patterns of works, gender roles, patterns of consumption and the ways in which the culture of a population or country changes and develops .
2. Technological factors : information and communications technology (ICT) :
- ICT is Lowering the barriers of time and place
- ICT creates new industries
- Many individual jobs and internal service function , on ICT systems
3. Economic factors : include the rate of economic growth, interest rates , inflation , energy prices , exchange rates and levels of employment .
4. Environmental factors : impact of businesses on the natural environment , businesses need to consider a number of environmental factors :
- Legislation
- Information
- Employees
- Shareholders
- Pressure groups
- Customers
5. Political factors :
- Legislation
- Trading relationships
- Government
- The level and nature of public services
- Levels of taxation
…………………………………………………………………….
SWOT Analysis
A SWOT analysis can