Classical Conditioning and Phobias

Classical Conditioning- AKA Respondant Conditioning AKA Partisan Conditioning -discovered by Ivan Pavlov (1904) -dog with meat powder and salivation -demonstrated empirically by John Watson (1920) -Little Albert and the white rat

stimulus- an agent that may illicit a response response- a behavior that results from a stimulus neutral stimulus- a stimulus that does not automatically trigger a certain response in almost everyone -doesn’t provoke a response from anyone usually

Unconditioned Stimulus (US)- a stimulus that will automatically trigger an innate response -opposite of a neutral stimulus

------> LEADS TO ------>

Unconditioned Response (UR)- a response that will automatically occur giving a particular stimulus

(EX) US ---------> UR bad odor ---> gagging high temp ---> sweat cold temp ---> shiver loud noise ---> startle

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)- a stimulus that when paired with a (US) will elicit the same response as the (US)
-in Pavlonian thinking a NS → CS b/c you make it have an effect on the person (i.e. white rat → Albert)

Conditioned Response (CR)- the response elicited from a CS

**IF YOU HAVE TO TEACH YOU HOW TO DO SOMETHING IT IS CONDITIONING

Pair the CS w/ the US (bell) + (meat) → Get the UR = (salivation) Pair many times over many trials Provide the CS alone (bell) Get CR (dog salivating)

*THE CR IS THE SAME BEHAVIOR AS THE UR

meat (US) → salivate (UR) bell (CS) → salivate (CR)

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RULES OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING 1) The more a CS paired with a US, the more likely a CS will be to elicit a CR
2) The CR will be stronger if the CS always precedes the US and by about a ½ a second -i.e. lunchbox coming at you before the professor does
3) The CR is more likely to be produced if a CS is ALWAYS paired with a US rather than only occasionally
4) If