chapter 26 worksheet

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance: Introduction to Body Fluids
1. a. Where are fluids absorbed? ____________________
b. Where are excess fluids and electrolytes lost?____________________
2. Name four of the six functions of water.
a.
b.
c.
d.
3. a. The amount of water in the body depends on the amount of ________________.
b. From the CD, list the person with the highest and lowest percentage of water and give the percentage.
1. Highest ___________________

_______%

2. Lowest ___________________

_______%

4. List the three fluid compartments and the percentage of total body water in each.
a. __________________________%
b. ___________________

_______%

c. __________________________%
5. Give an example of each of the following solutes:
a. Ions/electrolytes ___________________
b. Colloids ___________________
c. Nonelectrolytes ___________________
6. List the major extracellular and intracellular cations and anions
a. Extracellular cations: _______________ anions: _________________
b. Intracellular cations: ________________ anions: ________________
7. Within a fluid compartment, the total number of ____________________ must be equal to the total number of _________________________.

8. Name four of the seven functions given for electrolytes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
9. Osmosis: When more solute particles are added to one side of a container with a selectively permeable membrane, which way will the water move?

10. What happens to a patient’s red blood cells when the following solutions are given:
a. Hypotonic solution _______________________________
b. Hypertonic solution _______________________________
c. Isotonic solution _______________________________
Chapter 26 - Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Homeostasis

Body Water Content

Infants have low body fat, low bone mass, and are 73% or more water
Total water content declines throughout life
Healthy males are about 60% water; healthy females are around 50%
This