Behaviorism & Cognitive Psychology
In the Name of God
Subject:
An Introduction to Educational Psychology:
Behaviourism & Cognitive Psychology
March 6th, 2014
1.1 Introduction
First chapter provide a brief introduction to:
1. The discipline of educational psychology
2. Important influences on the development of psychological ideas and theories related to the process of education
3. And finally relevance of these ideas to teaching and learning a foreign language
1.2 Educational
Psychology
Kaplan (1990) describes it as:
The application of psychology to education by focusing on the developments, evaluation and application of theories and principles of learning and instruction that can enhance lifelong learning.
BUT THERE IS A LIMITATION IN HERE:
Although learning is a part of education, it has consider both the same.
1.3 Approaches to
Educational Psychology
Positivist school
Scientific
method
Behaviorism
Cognitive psychology 1.4 The Positivist School
Psychologist starts to understand and predict humans behavior instead of studying his mind
They searched to find the principles of human learning by checking the bahaviour of animals, under exactly defined conditions. “Logical Positivism”
They accept only experimental data as evidence, so thought and feeling of human was something inaccessible, and there for were not investigated!
1.4.1 Behaviourism
Russian Pavlov:
S-R (Stimulus-Response) theory or “Classical
Conditioning”
It was considered that all human bahaviour could be explained in terms of the way in which simple S-R connections were built up.
PROBLEM:
It could not consider enormous range of human action. 1.4.2 B. F. Skinner
Founder of Modern Behaviourism
He constructed a system of principles to account for human bahaviour in strictly observable terms.
Learning as a result of environment VS Learning as genetic factor notion of operants emphasizing on reinforcement
OPERANT CONDITIONING:
an
Subject:
An Introduction to Educational Psychology:
Behaviourism & Cognitive Psychology
March 6th, 2014
1.1 Introduction
First chapter provide a brief introduction to:
1. The discipline of educational psychology
2. Important influences on the development of psychological ideas and theories related to the process of education
3. And finally relevance of these ideas to teaching and learning a foreign language
1.2 Educational
Psychology
Kaplan (1990) describes it as:
The application of psychology to education by focusing on the developments, evaluation and application of theories and principles of learning and instruction that can enhance lifelong learning.
BUT THERE IS A LIMITATION IN HERE:
Although learning is a part of education, it has consider both the same.
1.3 Approaches to
Educational Psychology
Positivist school
Scientific
method
Behaviorism
Cognitive psychology 1.4 The Positivist School
Psychologist starts to understand and predict humans behavior instead of studying his mind
They searched to find the principles of human learning by checking the bahaviour of animals, under exactly defined conditions. “Logical Positivism”
They accept only experimental data as evidence, so thought and feeling of human was something inaccessible, and there for were not investigated!
1.4.1 Behaviourism
Russian Pavlov:
S-R (Stimulus-Response) theory or “Classical
Conditioning”
It was considered that all human bahaviour could be explained in terms of the way in which simple S-R connections were built up.
PROBLEM:
It could not consider enormous range of human action. 1.4.2 B. F. Skinner
Founder of Modern Behaviourism
He constructed a system of principles to account for human bahaviour in strictly observable terms.
Learning as a result of environment VS Learning as genetic factor notion of operants emphasizing on reinforcement
OPERANT CONDITIONING:
an