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Basic Hydraulics

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Basic Hydraulics
8.31.11
Basic Hydraulics-W @ 8:30
How to Read a Pressure gauge

SI System-Metric-Pascals
English System-psi kPa=Kilo Pascals
1 kPa=100 pascals
6.9 kPa=1 psi
The range of a scale= 1->1000 psi(Range)
A gauge could be off 50 lbs!!! The gauge could be wrong- but stated on each gauge
2 kinds of gauges
1. Pressure Gauge-a gauge that measures pressure
2. Flow System

Study Guide 1
1. The power output device of a hydraulic system is known as the …ACTUATOR
2. The pressurized fluid used in hydraulic systems is a…..LIQUID
3. Pressure is a measure of FORCE intensity
4. The units of pressure used in the SI system are PASCAL
5. The actuator converts hydraulic energy into MECHANICAL energy
How does a hydraulic system make power?
2 parts
1. Actuator/control valves
2. Power unit
A prime mover can be anything (diesel motor, gas motor, water wheel..etc..)
The hydraulic pump provides FLOW!!! NOT PRESSURE!!!
Main relief valve is part of the power unit, causes system pressure and it’s a safety valve!
The restriction of fluid produces PRESSURE!!!
The reservoir is to hold the oil and to cool the oil down
Hot oil Damage- compress 1% every 1000 lbs of oil!
-Can break down/ no longer lubes
- Can foam (ei: spongy brakes)

Horizontal is for medium to large size power units, 3 hp and up
Small pumps are less than 3 hp
Identification of 850 power unit components (Small industrial model)
Hydraulic Components are:
1. Electric motor
2. Hydraulic pump
3. Reservoir
4. Suction line
5. Supply line
6. Return line
7. Relief valve
8. Pressure gauge
9. Suction strainer
10. Filer/breather
11. Liquid level gauge
Hydraulic power pack is NEVER SEALED!!!
No air no flow of oil! (sort of like a vaccum)
14 lbs of psi= sea level
The problem with having a fuel pump outside the gas tank is you have to PRIME it!
SAFETY!
Hydraulic oil- anything over 100 lbs of oil can inject into skin!
400 psi in the power pack in the class! DO NOT GRAB THE HOSE WITH HANDS!
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