Ap Lab 16

LAB 6 PART 1: LAB ON BONE TISSUE
LAB OBJECTIVES:

Upon completion of this exercise, the student should be able to dissect a chicken drumstick and identify the superficial and internal anatomies of a long bone.

THE ANATOMY OF A LONG BONE

Identify the anatomical structures of a long bone by examining the tibia of a chicken.

MATERIALS NEEDED:

Textbook and/or atlas
Two chicken drumsticks
Sharp knife or single-edge razor blade
Tweezers
Magnifying glass
Camera

DISSECTION PROCEDURE: 1. Study the anatomy of a long bone in your textbook and/or photographic atlas. 2. Boil one chicken drumstick and leave the other uncooked. 3. Remove the muscles overlying the two bones. 4. You should see a large bone and a short, slender, spiny bone. The large bone is the tibio-tarsus (equivalent to the tibia in humans) and the short bone is the fibula. Separate the two bones. 5. Scrape the surface of the tibia with a sharp knife or a single-edge razor blade. The thin, opaque membrane that separates is the periosteum. What is the function of the periosteum? Examine the periosteum of an uncooked tibia. Compare its appearance to the cooked periosteum. Describe it. 6. Identify the proximal and distal epiphyses of the tibia. They are covered by articular cartilage. What type of cartilage tissue makes the articular cartilage? What are the functions of the articular cartilage? 7. Separate the articular cartilage from the epiphysis. How thick is it? What type of bone tissue underlies the cartilage? 8. Identify the diaphysis. Is the diaphysis solid or hollow? What is the name of the cavity? What kind of tissue do you find in it? 9. Get a knife and cut the epiphysis. Examine the texture of the spongy bone. The microscopic cavities in spongy bone have red bone marrow. The red marrow is immature blood tissue. It has stem blood cells and immature red and white blood cells. 10. The long bones of humans have the same structural and functional characteristics, so why study a chicken bone? 11. Upon completion, submit a written lab report.