Anatomy and Physiology Notes
Anatomy and Physiology Unit Notes
Unit 1: Organization of the Human Body
Key Terms:
Ana - prefix that means up or back again.
Physio - a prefix that means natural or physical.
Ology - a suffix that means the study of something.
Homeo - a prefix that means like or similar.
Thoraci -a prefix that means chest.
Stasis - a suffix that means the slowing of a bodily fluid.
Abdomino - a prefix that means abdomen.
Anatomy-the study of structure.
Physiology - the study of how a structure functions.
Cell - the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
Organism -the highest level of organization, which is made up of the different organ systems.
Directional - terms describe the locations of structures in relation to other structures or locations in the body.
System -group of organs that work together to perform a particular function.
Cavities -spaces of the body contain the internal organs, or viscera.
Plane - flat surface divided with an imaginary line.
Body Cavities
• The cavities of the body contain internal organs.
• The two main cavities are the ventral and dorsal cavity.
• The dorsal cavity is divided into two parts, cranial cavity and vertebral cavity.
• The ventral is the larger cavity and is divided into two parts (thoracic and abdomino pelvic) by the diaphragm, which is a dome- shaped muscle important in the respiratory system.
• The thoracic cavity is the upper ventral cavity which contains the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, large blood vessels, and the nerves. The ribs surround the organs of the thoracic cavity.
• The lower part of the ventral cavity is divided into two parts, abdominal and pelvic portions.
• The abdominal cavity contains most of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and adrenal glands. The pelvic cavity contains the urogenital system and the rectum.
• The pelvic cavity is smaller than the abdominal cavity and contains organs that are more posterior in the body.
Picture:
Unit 1: Organization of the Human Body
Key Terms:
Ana - prefix that means up or back again.
Physio - a prefix that means natural or physical.
Ology - a suffix that means the study of something.
Homeo - a prefix that means like or similar.
Thoraci -a prefix that means chest.
Stasis - a suffix that means the slowing of a bodily fluid.
Abdomino - a prefix that means abdomen.
Anatomy-the study of structure.
Physiology - the study of how a structure functions.
Cell - the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
Organism -the highest level of organization, which is made up of the different organ systems.
Directional - terms describe the locations of structures in relation to other structures or locations in the body.
System -group of organs that work together to perform a particular function.
Cavities -spaces of the body contain the internal organs, or viscera.
Plane - flat surface divided with an imaginary line.
Body Cavities
• The cavities of the body contain internal organs.
• The two main cavities are the ventral and dorsal cavity.
• The dorsal cavity is divided into two parts, cranial cavity and vertebral cavity.
• The ventral is the larger cavity and is divided into two parts (thoracic and abdomino pelvic) by the diaphragm, which is a dome- shaped muscle important in the respiratory system.
• The thoracic cavity is the upper ventral cavity which contains the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, large blood vessels, and the nerves. The ribs surround the organs of the thoracic cavity.
• The lower part of the ventral cavity is divided into two parts, abdominal and pelvic portions.
• The abdominal cavity contains most of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and adrenal glands. The pelvic cavity contains the urogenital system and the rectum.
• The pelvic cavity is smaller than the abdominal cavity and contains organs that are more posterior in the body.
Picture: