Anatomy and Physicology Chapter 1
ANATOMY AND PHYSICOLOY CHAPTER 1
Introduction:
* early students were mostly concerned with treating injuries and illnesses * healers relied on superstitions and magic * eventually the study of medicine with standarized terms in greek and latin began
Anatomy and Physiology ANATOMY: structure -anatomists rely on observation and dissection PHYSIOLOGY: function -pysiologists rely on expermentation -more often to discover new information *function is based off of shape/shape determines function
Levels of Organization *Atom *Tissue *Molecule *Organ *Macromolecule *Organ System *Organelle *Organism *Cell
Characteristics of Life *Fundamental characteristics of life are traits shared by all organisms -Movement -Digestion -Growth -Absorption -Reprodution -Circulation -Respiration -Assimilation -Responsiveness
Maintenance of Life -Water, Food, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure
Homeostasis
definition: maintenance of a stable internal environmnet -regulate body mechanisms such as temperature and blood pressure
Body Cavities *Appendicular portion- upper and lower limbs *Axial portion-head, neck and trunk---- organs in this area are called VISCERA -Dorsal Cavity 1.) Cranial Cavity 2.) Vertebral Cavity -Ventral Cavity 1.) Thorax Cavity (chest) a.) pleural membranes; parietal pleura lines the cavity and visceral pleura covers the lungs b.)pericardial membrane; parietal pericardium lines the cavity and visceral pericardium covers the heart d.) serous fluid separates the parietal&visceral memebranes 2.) Abdominopelvic Cavity a.) Abdominal Cavity -peritoneal membrane; parietal peritoneal lines the cavity and visceral peritoneal covers the organs b.) Pelvic Cavity -Cavities in the head include; *oral cavity, nasal cavity, orbital cavities, middle ear cavities, frontal sinuses, sphenoidal sinus and cranial cavity Organ System
Introduction:
* early students were mostly concerned with treating injuries and illnesses * healers relied on superstitions and magic * eventually the study of medicine with standarized terms in greek and latin began
Anatomy and Physiology ANATOMY: structure -anatomists rely on observation and dissection PHYSIOLOGY: function -pysiologists rely on expermentation -more often to discover new information *function is based off of shape/shape determines function
Levels of Organization *Atom *Tissue *Molecule *Organ *Macromolecule *Organ System *Organelle *Organism *Cell
Characteristics of Life *Fundamental characteristics of life are traits shared by all organisms -Movement -Digestion -Growth -Absorption -Reprodution -Circulation -Respiration -Assimilation -Responsiveness
Maintenance of Life -Water, Food, Oxygen, Heat, Pressure
Homeostasis
definition: maintenance of a stable internal environmnet -regulate body mechanisms such as temperature and blood pressure
Body Cavities *Appendicular portion- upper and lower limbs *Axial portion-head, neck and trunk---- organs in this area are called VISCERA -Dorsal Cavity 1.) Cranial Cavity 2.) Vertebral Cavity -Ventral Cavity 1.) Thorax Cavity (chest) a.) pleural membranes; parietal pleura lines the cavity and visceral pleura covers the lungs b.)pericardial membrane; parietal pericardium lines the cavity and visceral pericardium covers the heart d.) serous fluid separates the parietal&visceral memebranes 2.) Abdominopelvic Cavity a.) Abdominal Cavity -peritoneal membrane; parietal peritoneal lines the cavity and visceral peritoneal covers the organs b.) Pelvic Cavity -Cavities in the head include; *oral cavity, nasal cavity, orbital cavities, middle ear cavities, frontal sinuses, sphenoidal sinus and cranial cavity Organ System