Han Dynasty Achievements

The Han Dynasty was one of the greatest dynasties throughout the history of Ancient China. It was founded by Liu Bang who was known as Emperor Gaozu of Han. The Han Dynasty lasted for over 400 years, from 206 BC to 220 AD. It was the second Imperial dynasty after the Qin Dynasty. There were great achievements in politics, economy, technology, and culture. In terms of politics, Chinese society was highly structured under the Han Dynasty. At the top was the emperor, who was believed to be the link between heaven and earth. Next came governors and kings, who were both directly appointed by the emperor. Then came state officials, nobles, and scholars. Below them, there were peasants, artisans and merchants. At the bottom were soldiers and slaves. The Silk Road served as a significant factor of the economic development during the Han Dynasty. It was a series of trade routes that involved connection between the West and China. Merchants travelled along the Silk Road by means of camel caravans to trade their goods. Goods such as silk, spices, ivory, and gems were exported to the West. Meanwhile, western goods such as linen, wool, glass, metal ware, sesame, and wine were imported to China. Advances in technology made a great difference to Chinese people.
Confucianism became the official philosophy of China. Confucianism emphasized the significance of individuals knowing and doing what they were expected. Confucius maintained that social order led to peace and harmony of the society. Due to the popularity of Confucianism, the civil service examination system was established. In order to work in the government, people had to pass the examination on Chinese history and Confucianism. To this day, Confucianism is still popular in China, and a large number of people are studying