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Chapter 16 Transformations In Europe 1

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Chapter 16 Transformations In Europe 1
Abigail Sullivan
Mr. Petze
WHAP D
24 December 2014 Chapter 16: Transformations in Europe 1550­1750 A.D. 1.) Describe what happened during the Protestant Reformation. Include a discussion of Martin Luther.

The Protestant Reformation was caused due to a man named Martin Luther not agreeing with Pope Leo’s new technique in the Protestant church. Pope Leo was creating a new technique called “indulgences” that would raise funds for the basilica.
“Indulgences” would act as a type of forgiveness for sinners in which they would have to pay for. Martin Luther did not agree with the papacy’s way and began to lead a life on self deprivation, prayer and study. While Martin was in a monastery he wrote directly to
Pope Leo to stop the abuse of the churches followers. This escalated quickly between
Pope Leo and Martin Luther and caused the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther burned the papal bull of condemnation, rejecting the pope’s authority. Martin Luther thought the only way to salvation was through the faith in Jesus Christ and not through the pope.
2.) In what ways was the Catholic Reformation a response to the Protestant
Reformation. Include a discussion of the Jesuits. The Catholic Reformation was greatly influenced by the Protestant Reformation for example, the Catholic Reformation was a counter reformation of the Protestant. The
Catholic churches council would meet at the city of Trent for three sessions and would distinguish their doctrines from Protestant doctrines. A new society of religious orders was with the Jesuits or otherwise known as the Society of Jesus. The Jesuits were founded by a Spanish nobleman in 1450. The Jesuits helped with the stem of the
Protestant tide and tried to win back some adherents by their teachings and preachings.

3.) How did the people’s view of the universe change during the scientific revolution? Discuss some key scientists and innovations.

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