Agriculture
HISTORY OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE
Early history
Barley and wheat cultivation—along with the domestication of cattle, primarily sheep and goat—was visible in Mehrgarh by 9000 BCE.
Vedic period – Post Maha Janapadas period (1500 BCE – 200 CE)
The Mauryan Empire (322–185 BCE) categorised soils and made meteorological observations for agricultural use.
Early Common Era – High Middle Ages (200–1200 CE) Water storage systems were designed during this period. Kallanai, a dam built on river Kaveri during this period, is considered the as one of the oldest water-regulation structures in the world still in use.
Late Middle Ages – Early Modern Era (1200–1757 CE)
The construction of water works and aspects of water technology in India is described in Arabic and Persian works.
Colonial British Era (1757–1947 CE)
Few Indian commercial crops—such as Cotton, indigo, opium, and rice—made it to the global market under the British Raj in India.
Republic of India (1947 CE onwards) The many 'production revolutions' initiated from 1960s onwards included Green Revolution in India, Yellow Revolution (oilseed: 1986-1990), Operation Flood (dairy: 1970-1996), and Blue Revolution (fishing: 1973-2002) etc. HISTORY OF ORGANIC FARMING
Organic farming was practiced in India since thousands of years. The great Indian civilization thrived on organic farming and was one of the most prosperous countries in the world, till the British ruled it.
During 1950s and 1960s, the ever increasing population of India and several natural calamities lead to a severe food scarcity in India. As a result, the government was forced to import food grains from foreign countries. To increase food security, the government had to drastically increase the production of food in India. The Green Revolution (under the leadership of M. S. Swaminathan) became the government’s most important program in the 1960s.
Large amount of land was brought under cultivation. Hybrid
Early history
Barley and wheat cultivation—along with the domestication of cattle, primarily sheep and goat—was visible in Mehrgarh by 9000 BCE.
Vedic period – Post Maha Janapadas period (1500 BCE – 200 CE)
The Mauryan Empire (322–185 BCE) categorised soils and made meteorological observations for agricultural use.
Early Common Era – High Middle Ages (200–1200 CE) Water storage systems were designed during this period. Kallanai, a dam built on river Kaveri during this period, is considered the as one of the oldest water-regulation structures in the world still in use.
Late Middle Ages – Early Modern Era (1200–1757 CE)
The construction of water works and aspects of water technology in India is described in Arabic and Persian works.
Colonial British Era (1757–1947 CE)
Few Indian commercial crops—such as Cotton, indigo, opium, and rice—made it to the global market under the British Raj in India.
Republic of India (1947 CE onwards) The many 'production revolutions' initiated from 1960s onwards included Green Revolution in India, Yellow Revolution (oilseed: 1986-1990), Operation Flood (dairy: 1970-1996), and Blue Revolution (fishing: 1973-2002) etc. HISTORY OF ORGANIC FARMING
Organic farming was practiced in India since thousands of years. The great Indian civilization thrived on organic farming and was one of the most prosperous countries in the world, till the British ruled it.
During 1950s and 1960s, the ever increasing population of India and several natural calamities lead to a severe food scarcity in India. As a result, the government was forced to import food grains from foreign countries. To increase food security, the government had to drastically increase the production of food in India. The Green Revolution (under the leadership of M. S. Swaminathan) became the government’s most important program in the 1960s.
Large amount of land was brought under cultivation. Hybrid