1. What is a scientific theory? Please cite a definition you like. As Watson stated in "The Value of Theories"‚ a scientific theory is a systematic explanation that unifies various observed phenomena and facts. Based on observations we make‚ science operates under theories which are constantly revised and checked by experiment. A scientific theory also possesses many vital qualities for true understanding. 2. What is the difference between a scientific theory and common sense ideas about the same
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My family has always been the most important facet of my life. I never knew how important they were until I moved away. I have been away from my family for close to three years now‚ particularly my mother‚ and it is hard being all alone out here. It is a tough experience from being a “mama’s boy” to only seeing her twice a year‚ if I’m lucky. When you’re forced to be on your own at such a young age you learn how valuable the small things are. However‚ you have to take the good with the bad
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homogeneity across cultures. The theory of relative face orientation We have discussed that Brown and Levinson’s (1987) face-saving politeness theory has been undermined for its inability to be applied universally. In surveying recent studies in cross-cultural communication‚ Mao (1994) mentions Janney and Arndt (1993)‚ who characterise it as idealistic‚ culturally biased‚ and lacking objective empirical evidence for the evaluation of their politeness universals. Instead of a theory centered on universals
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symbolic-interpretive‚ post-modern and critical theory perspectives have different ways of understanding power‚ control and resistance in organisations. Choose two of the four theoretical perspectives and discuss how each perspective’s understanding of power‚ control and resistance in organisations contributes to different ideas about the nature of organisations. Introduction: The purpose of this essay is to analysis the two theoretical perspectives of Modern and Post-modern which have different ways of understanding
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Refinements to Legitimacy Theory in Social and Environmental Accounting Matthew V. Tilling Flinders University‚ South Australia The author wishes to acknowledge the valuable support provided by the CPA Australia in funding this research through their Research Grant Scheme. COMMERCE RESEARCH PAPER SERIES NO. 04-6 ISSN: 1441-3906 “Legitimacy is a generalized perception or assumption that the actions of an entity are desirable‚ proper‚ or appropriate within some socially constructed system of
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of Leadership Style on Organizational Performance: A Case Study of Nigerian Banks Ojokuku R. M1‚ Odetayo T. A2* and Sajuyigbe A. S3 1 Department of Management and Accounting‚ Ladoke Akintola University of Technology‚ Oyo State‚ Nigeria 2 Department of Accountancy‚ Osun State Polytechnic‚ Iree‚ Osun State‚ Nigeria 3 Department of Business Administration‚ Osun State Polytechnic‚ Iree‚ Osun State‚ Nigeria The study examined the impact of leadership style on organizational performance in selected
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satisfactions inherent in effective volitional action. It is manifest in behaviors such as play‚ exploration‚ and challenge seeking that people often do for external rewards” (p. 658). Researchers often contrast intrinsic motivation with extrinsic motivation‚ which is motivation governed by reinforcement contingencies. Traditionally‚ educators consider intrinsic motivation to be more desirable and to result in better learning outcomes than extrinsic motivation (Deci et al.‚ 1999). Motivation involves a constellation
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organisations in which they operate‚ and how these influence the course of technological change" (Rudi‚ 257). Introduction Over the years‚ technology has become a developing existence in companies and inevitably‚ companies are trying to integrate technology into their work processes. Today‚ technology has become a necessity in a company and it has been viewed often as an improvement in the efficiency of the workplace by companies. However‚ there has been a number of different views as to how technology
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Evaluate contingency theories and situational theories of leadership and evaluate the Impact of autocratic‚ democratic‚ paternalistic‚ laissez-faire managerial styles on the effectiveness of organization. 1.1 Evaluation of Leadership Theories. There are many leadership theories and the main purpose of all of them is to highlight the factors on which leadership depends to generate best performance in an organization. Two most important
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assessment the aim will be for me to identify and describe a challenging behaviour. In this case the response was to aggressive behaviour which I witnessed on one of my practice placements as a student nurse. Part of the assignment will be written in the first person when referring to my personal account of the incident. Using literature and the relevant references the essay will critically analyse the incident‚ an action plan will be placed and a discussion on how it will be implemented (Rolfe et al‚ 2011)
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