reference: http://www.tutorialspoint.com/sql important: constrains: SQL constraints are used to specify rules for the data in a table. If there is any violation between the constraint and the data action‚ the action is aborted by the constraint. In SQL‚ we have the following constraints: NOT NULL - Indicates that a column cannot store NULL value UNIQUE - Ensures that each rows for a column must have a unique value PRIMARY KEY - A combination of a NOT NULL and UNIQUE. Ensures that
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Database Management Systems ________________________________________ Database Management System is an umbrella term that refers to all sorts of completely different tools (i.e. computer programs or embedded libraries)‚ mostly working in different and very unique ways. These applications handle‚ or heavily assist in handling‚ dealing with collections of information. Since information (or data) itself can come in various shapes and sizes‚ dozens of DBMS have been developed‚ along with tons of DB
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The Basics Most experienced traders will be able to tell many stories about how certain price levels tend to prevent traders from pushing the price of an underlying asset in a certain direction. For example‚ assume that Jim was holding a position in Amazon.com (AMZN) stock between March and November 2006 and that he was expecting the value of the shares to increase. Let’s imagine that Jim notices that the price fails to get above $39 several times over the past several months‚ even though it has
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Introduction: Diversity makes an organization innovative and creative. Even smart people working collectively can make dumb decisions if they do not see different perspectives. Diversity in problem-solving groups encourages independent and creative thinking (Smith‚ 2012) Background: Cityside was purchased by a racially diverse group of investors‚ and diversity was the mission from the beginning. It was decided that because of the community that Cityside serves‚ it would be in their best interests
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SQL Queries I. Give a database schema for a library management system as the following picture. [pic] 1. How many copies of the book titled Database Fundamentals” are owned by the library branch whose name is "University of Delhi"? 2. How many copies of the book titled The Lost Tribe are owned by each library branch? 3. Retrieve the names of all borrowers who do not have any books checked out. 4. For each book that is loaned out from the " University of Delhi " branch
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SEQUEL SERVER 2000 _________________________________________________________________________ ➢ Microsoft SQL Server is a client/server database engine. ➢ Microsoft SQL Server is a client/server – based relational database management system. Advantages of Client-Server computing model: ✓ Cost Savings ✓ Effective use of resources ✓ Improved Productivity ✓ Data Sharing (sharing of data is possible even though the user is unaware of the actual
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SQL-QUERIES 1. Display all the information of the EMP table? A) select * from emp; 2. Display unique Jobs from EMP table? A) select distinct job from emp; B) select unique job from emp; 3. List the emps in the asc order of their Salaries? A) select * from emp order by sal asc; 4. List the details of the emps in asc order of the Dptnos and desc of Jobs? A)select * from emp order by deptno asc‚job desc; 5. Display all the unique job groups in the descending order? A)select distinct job from emp order
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Oracle/SQL Tutorial1 Michael Gertz Database and Information Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of California‚ Davis gertz@cs.ucdavis.edu http://www.db.cs.ucdavis.edu This Oracle/SQL tutorial provides a detailed introduction to the SQL query language and the Oracle Relational Database Management System. Further information about Oracle and SQL can be found on the web site www.db.cs.ucdavis.edu/dbs. Comments‚ corrections‚ or additions to these notes are welcome. Many
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database server. 1) Query Engine SQL Interface The SQL interface provides the mechanisms to receive commands and transmit results to the user. The MySQL SQL interface was built to the ANSI SQL standard and accepts the same basic SQL statements as most ANSI-compliant database servers. Although many of the SQL commands supported in MySQL have options that are not ANSI standard‚ the MySQL developers have stayed very close to the ANSI SQL standard. Connections to the database server
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SQL INTRODUCTION Diaz‚ Francis Lorenzo A. BSM CS 3B G2 History of SQL SQL began life as SEQUEL11‚ the Structured English Query Language‚ a component of an IBM research project called System/R. System/R was a prototype of the first relational database system; it was created at IBM’s San Jose laboratories by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce in 1974‚ and SEQUEL was the first query language to support multiple tables and multiple users. In the late 1970s‚ SQL made its first appearance in
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