name a few‚ deemed it necessary construct and instill a government that would protect the individual rights of American citizens while avoiding a tyrannical government from taking charge of the nation. The first attempt of government‚ lead to a decentralized government brought in place by the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation called for states being sovereign and independent because of the fear of a central government. The issue the opposition
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3.2 DECENTRALISED PLANNING India is rightly regarded as the land of villages. In a country where 72.22% of the population (2001 Census) lives in 5‚80‚781 villages‚ the importance of rural local government popularly known as Panchayati Raj in India‚ is self-evident. Indeed‚ the idea of rural local government is part of a larger concern for social & economic amelioration of the people‚ a task to which the country is irrevocably committed. The Panchayats have been among the oldest political institutions
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with Pro Golf Company. An agent’s authority can be either actual or apparent. Actual authority comes in two forms express and/or implied. On page 918‚ it states that express authority is actual authority the principal has manifested onto the agent in very specific or detailed language and the agent has implied authority to act in a manner in which he believes the principal wants him to act. Apparent authority‚ on the other hand‚ is when an agent lacks actual authority‚ however‚ due to the principal’s
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Power Vs Authority: Week 3 1 Power Vs Authority Omar Shafi Westwood College Power Vs Authority: Week 3 2 "Authority and power are two different things: power is the force by means of which you can oblige others to obey you. Authority is the right to direct and command‚ to be listened to or obeyed by others. Authority requests power. Power without authority is tyranny." - JACQUES MARITAIN‚ "The Democratic Charter‚" Man and the State. There are
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an extension of the owner’s or board’s personality‚ management style and characteristics. Two types of organizational structures are found in the business environment: centralized and decentralized. Each structure offers advantages and disadvantages for organizations. One company who wholeheartedly operates under a decentralized organizational structure is British Petroleum. BP is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in the United Kingdom. It operates in over 80 countries
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Authority is defined as a person or group of people who control the society and make major decisions affecting the society. Individual is a person who has no particular influence on the society and neither do his decisions. The term Authority may be applied to any type of people who hold some sort of influence or power on the society such as The Police; Courts from local courts to supreme courts and of course the ruling party of the government. The individual may be a single civilian. This
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development plans with a long-term perspective by targeting various development sectors. Such a spatial plan is classically referred to as a Development Plan or Master Plan. Planning Process in India The planning system in India was more centralized one. In centralized
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P & G To: Purchasing strategy of P & G From: Junior Consultant‚ Liu Zuo Jun Subject: Purchasing 2 of 2 Date: 21 Jun 2012 Content 1. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------3 2. Negotiation-----------------------------------------------------------3 3. Suitable channels---------------------------------------------------4
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ARTICLE IN PRESS Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management 14 (2008) 170– 179 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pursup Cooperating and competing in supply networks: Making sense of a triadic sourcing strategy Anna Dubois  Peter Fredriksson 1 Division of Industrial Marketing‚ Department of Technology Management and Economics‚ Chalmers University of Technology‚ S-412 96 Gothenburg‚ Sweden a
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our manufacturing operations at a single factory specific to a product to consolidate global demand and capitalize low cost manufacturing and sourcing. There are many surveys from the market have proved that centralized structures accommodated logistics system integration better than decentralized structures. In some situations there is no advantage to global integration or the global integration is detrimental‚ e.g. there is too much logistics expense and overhead cost‚ and it is more viable to manufacture
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